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WhatistheaimofEducation?Whiteheadstatesinhisaddressthatlifeistheonlysubject-matterforeducation,andeducationshouldbeuseful."life"and"utillization"arethetwokeywordsforustohaveathoroughgraspofWhitehead'seducationalideas,andtheyarecloselyrelatedtoeachotherinnature,forlifemustbeuseful.Byutilisinganidea,Whiteheadmeansrelatingittoourlife.Theconclusionisthateducationistheacquisitionoftheartoftheutilisationofknowledge.


Andwhatkillsthelifeofeducation?Whiteheadlistsseveralproblemshesees:Educationisoverladenwithinertideas,andeducationwithinertideasisuseless,harmfulandsodeadly.Theproblemofpreventingknowledgefrombecominginert,isthecentralproblemofalleducation;Anothersimilarproblemisthatthecurriculumisespeciallydesignedforageneralculture,thatwillforsureexcludesspecialism,whichdestroyslife.That'swhytheuniformexternalexaminationissodeadly,foritistogiveequalweighttoallpartsoftheschedule,yetmankindisnaturallyspecialist.


Andwhatishissuggestiontothesolution?Thesolutionistoeradicatethefataldisconnectionofsubjectswhichkillsthevitalityofourmoderncurriculum.forthis,Whiteheadgivestwopracticaleducationalcommandments,"Donotteachtoomanysubjects,"andagain,"Whatyouteach,teachthoroughly."Finally,Whiteheadconcludesthatitistheschoolsandnotthestudentswhichshouldbeinspected.Eachschoolmusthaveitsownspecial,notrigidcurriculum.Theschoolisthetrueeducationalunit.


InAmerica,thefirstaimofeducationwastopreparechildrentoreadtheScripture(Scripturen.基督教（圣经）；经文)anditsintentwasreligious.Lateronthepurposewastoenablepeopletoreadandwrite,andtakepartinthedemocraticprocess.Stilllater,thepurposebecametoprepareyoungpeopleforjobsinamodernsociety.Atnotime（atnotime决不）wastheaimofeducatontopreparestudentstobecomeindividualsorcompletehumanbeings.Thisaspectofeducationwaslefttothehome,church,massmedia,andthecitystreets.(Toliveremainsanartwhicheveryonemustlearn,andwhichnoonecanteach.生活是一种人人须学而无人能教的艺术。Youneedtoliveandexperiencelivesbyyourself,thenyouwillhaveyourownartofliving.)Toacertainlargeextent,itstillremainsthere.Yetina