浅析纳兰性德边塞词的归隐意识修改.doc

浅析纳兰性德边塞词的多种意识

院系名称姓名学号专业指导教师

2014年4月8日摘要

纳兰性德是清朝初期重要的词人,在创作实践中，他形成了自己独特的词学思想，模仿并有所创新，真性情的抒发中亦有寄托。
纳兰性德边塞词内容丰富，在六十首词中展现了多样的感受。兴亡感叹词描绘立身关外，触目所及的古戍、古战场、古长城，还有祖先曾经浴血奋战的战场，充满了吊古伤今，哀叹兴亡之感。怀乡与相思词作描写了扈从生活的艰苦、孤寂，抒发了对家乡亲人、爱人的无限思念。塞上节令词以词人细腻的情感和塞外的凄凉景象独具特色。塞上风物词描绘关外独特景物，及少数民族的风土人情，饱含了词人的深情。
两宋边塞词中，纳兰性德的相思词真挚动人，并传承了清新晓畅的词风和明白如话的语言，同时摒弃了艳俗的成分；纳兰词虽没有辛派词人那种家国破裂的悲壮之感，但是其中的兴亡感叹、与壮志难酬之感与苏辛词有异曲同工之妙，词风雄浑豪荡的一面也对苏辛词有所传承。
清初期纳兰性德在与词坛“俊异”们交往唱和的过程中相互影响，以“愁情”入词成为他们共同的特点。清中期为数不多的边塞词中继承了纳兰词“壮”的特点，表现出壮怀激烈的宏大志向。而到了晚清时期，由于列强的入侵、国家的衰落，边塞词发生了新变，抒写了一首首时代的悲歌与哀曲。
关键词：纳兰性德；边塞词；意识
Abstract

NalanXingde,whoseissoprevalent,isasignificantpoetofQingdynasty.NalanXingdecreatedhisuniqueideologyinwhichhenotonlydevelopedthetheoryofthepredecessors,butinitiallyappliedthebailingtheoryintheexpressionofnaturalfeelingsaswell.Histheorywasreflectedincompositionandtheapplicationalsorefinedthetheory.
NalanXingde’sfrontierisinclusive.Variousoffeelingsofthepoetarereflectedinthe60frontier.Sittingaloneorlyingawakeinbedinthesleeplessnightsofhisbitterandlonelyretinuelife,thepoetcreateddozensofreflectinghisdistinctiveandsubtlefeelingsaboutfrontierlife.Theexclamationoftheriseandfallofthenationwasnoteddownwhenthepoetoutsideofthepass,sawtheancientcastles,ancientgreatwallsandthebattlefieldofhisancestors.Hishomesickness,hislongingforhiswifewasexpressedinthefestivallyricswhichalsopicturethedesolatesightsinfrontier.
AmongthefrontierinSongdynasties,hedevelopedLiuYong’snaturalandfreshstyleandexplicitlanguagebutrejectedthegaudywords.DifferentfromthecicreatedbypoetsofXinschoolwhosestylisticfeaturesaresolemnandstirring,insteadofmourningthedecliningofanation,hisciexclaimstherisesandfallsofanationandhisdifficult-to-fulfillambitionandhasamightyanduntrammeledfeature.
IntheearlyperiodofQingdynasty,theformedacommonfeatureofconnotingagloomymoodduringtheinteractionofamongthepeersinpoetrywriting.TheresponsoryworksbetweenNalanXingdeandGuZhenguancreatedduringthereliefprocessofWuZhaoqianareareflectionofrealfeelingandbecameawell-kno