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一种基于令牌的单点登录认证服务
Introduction
Singlesign-on(SSO)isacrucialaspectofmoderndigitalsecurityinfrastructure.Traditionally,usershadtoprovidedistinctusernamesandpasswordswhenaccessingdifferentplatformsorapplications.Thisprocessledtouserfrustrationandtimewastagewhenloggingintomultipleapplications.Inrecenttimes,SSOmechanismshavebeenimplementedtoreducetheburdenonusersandenhancedigitalsecurity.Thesemechanismseliminatetheneedtoremembernumeroususernamesandpasswords,thusensuringthatusercredentialsaresecure.Thispaperdiscussestoken-basedSSOauthenticationservicesandtheirsignificanceinenhancingdigitalsecurity.
Token-BasedSSOAuthenticationServices
Token-basedSSOauthenticationservicesrelyontheexchangeofauthenticationtokenstoverifyusercredentialsacrossmultipleapplications.Inthismethod,usersoftenaccessanidentityprovider(IDP)thatverifiestheircredentials,andlaterissuesanauthenticationtoken.Afteracquiringthetoken,theusercanaccessdifferentapplicationswithouttheneedtoprovideauthenticationinformationagain.Insteadofsendingrecurringauthenticationcredentialseachtime,theapplicationsusethetokentoconfirmtheuser'sidentity.Atoken'slifespanvaries,butittypicallylastsforasetamountoftimeoruntilauserlogsout.
Token-basedSSOauthenticationservicesemploydifferentprotocolssuchasSecurityAssertionMarkupLanguage(SAML)andOpenIDConnect(OIDC)tomanageauthentication.SAMLallowsIDPstosendauthenticationinformationtoaServiceProvider(SP)inanXMLdocument.TheSAMLassertiondocumentcontainsinformationabouttheuser,suchastheirusername,role,andsessiontimeoutduration.TheSPusestheinformationintheassertiontoauthenticatetheuserandgrantaccesstotheapplication.
Ontheotherhand,OIDCreliesontheexchangeofJSONWebTokens(JWTs)betweentheIDPandtheSPintheauthenticationprocess.TheJWTcontainsuserinformationsuchastheuserIDandexpiryduration.TheSPverifiestheJWTtoauthenticatetheuserandgrantaccess.
AdvantagesofToken-BasedSSOAuthenticationServices
Token-basedSSOauthenticationservicesoffernumerousadvantagescomparedtotraditionalpassword-basedauthentication:
Enh