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气象灾害损失评估技术及应用研究(英文)
Title:ResearchonTechniquesandApplicationsforEvaluationofMeteorologicalDisasterLosses
Abstract:
Meteorologicaldisastershavebecomeincreasinglyfrequentandsevereinrecentyears,causingsignificanteconomic,social,andenvironmentallossesworldwide.Accurateassessmentoftheselossesisessentialfordisastermanagement,resourceallocation,andpolicy-making.Thispaperaimstoprovideanoverviewofthetechniquesandapplicationsforevaluatingmeteorologicaldisasterlosses.Itdiscussestheimportanceofaccurateevaluation,highlightscommonevaluationmethods,andexplorestheemergingtechnologiesusedinthisfield.Thepaperalsoemphasizesthesignificanceofapplyingtheseevaluationtechniquesinreal-worldscenariostoenhancedisasterpreparednessandresponse.
1.Introduction:
Meteorologicaldisasters,includingtyphoons,hurricanes,floods,droughts,andheatwaves,havesevereconsequencesonhumanlivesandinfrastructure.Theevaluationofmeteorologicaldisasterlossesprovidesessentialinformationfordecision-makingregardingprevention,mitigation,andadaptationstrategies.Accurateassessmenttechniquesandtheirapplicationarecrucialforunderstandingtheseverityandimpactofthesedisasters.
2.ImportanceofAccurateEvaluation:
a.EconomicImpact:Accurateevaluationhelpsestimatethedirectandindirecteconomiclossescausedbymeteorologicaldisasters.Itaidsindeterminingtheeffectivenessofdisasterreliefmeasuresandallocatingresourcesforrecovery.
b.SocialImpact:Evaluationenablestheidentificationofvulnerablepopulationgroups,prioritizingassistance,andunderstandingthesocialdisruptioncausedbythesedisasters.
c.EnvironmentalImpact:Assessingtheenvironmentaldamagecausedbymeteorologicaldisasterscontributestotheformulationofsustainablepoliciesandrestorationplans.
3.CommonEvaluationMethods:
a.EmpiricalLossEstimation:Thismethodreliesonhistoricaldataandstatisticalmodelstoestimatelossesbasedonthecharacteristicsofaspecificdisasterevent.
b.PhysicalProcessModeling:Thesemodelssimulatethephysicalprocessesofmeteorologicaldisasterstoestimatelosses,consideringfactorssuchaswindspeed,ra