西文编目中的一点思考-豆柴文库

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西文编目中的一点思考
Title:SomeThoughtsonWesternCatalogingPractices
Introduction:
Catalogingisanessentialaspectoflibraryservices,anditprovidesaccesstolibrarymaterialsforlibraryusers.Thecatalogrecordscontainbibliographicinformationaboutmaterialsthatcanhelpuserslocatethem.Westerncatalogingpracticeshavebeenusedasthestandardforcatalogingmaterialsinmostlibrariesworldwide.However,somecriticismshavebeenraisedconcerningtheefficiencyofWesterncatalogingandthedegreetowhichitreflectsculturalbiases.ThispaperseekstoexploreWesterncatalogingpracticesandtooffersomethoughtsonitsappropriatenessinamulticulturalcontext.
WesternCatalogingPractices:
WesterncatalogingpracticesarebasedontheAnglo-AmericanCatalogingRules(AACR2),whichisasetofguidelinesdevelopedinthe1960sandrevisedin1988asAACR2r.Thecatalogingrulesspecifytheinformationthatneedstobeincludedinbibliographicrecords,suchastheauthor'sname,title,publisher,andpublicationdate.TheLibraryofCongressSubjectHeadings(LCSH)isalsousedtoprovidesubjectaccesstomaterials.
Westerncatalogingpracticeshavebecomethestandardforcatalogingmaterialsinmostlibrariesworldwide.However,ithasbeencriticizedforseveralreasons.ThefirstcriticismisthatithasbeendevelopedmainlytoclassifyWesternmaterials.Therulesoftendonottakeintoaccounttheculturaldifferencesofothernon-Westerncountries'materials.Thisculturalbiascanleadtoinaccuraciesinthecatalogrecords,makingitdifficultforuserstofindwhattheyarelookingfor.
ThesecondcriticismofWesterncatalogingpracticesisthatitisperceivedtopromoteculturalimperialism.TheuseoftheLibraryofCongressSubjectHeadings(LCSH)inthecatalogingofmaterialshasbeencriticizedforperpetuatingculturalbiases.Forexample,LCSHclassificationoftheuniverse/creationisverydifferentfromAfricanorNativeAmericanclassifications.
ThethirdcriticismofWesterncatalogingpracticesisthatisitnotalwaysefficientinmeetingtheneedsofmulticulturalusers.Whiletherulesprovideaccesstomaterialsthatsatisfytheneedsofsomeusers,itmaybedifficultformaterialsthatarepublishedinnon-Westernlanguages,leadingtolanguage