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中国火灾科学基础研究进展(英文)
RecentAdvancesinFundamentalResearchonFireScienceinChina
Fireisamajorhazardcausingseveredamagetohumansandproperty,anditisimportanttounderstandtheunderlyingprinciplesoffireinordertopreventandmitigateitseffects.InChina,fundamentalresearchonfiresciencehasdevelopedrapidlyinrecentyears,focusingontheareasoffiredynamics,flamebehavior,combustionmechanism,fireretardants,andwildfiremanagement.
FireDynamics
Firedynamicsisthestudyofhowfiresspreadandgrow.InChina,researchonfiredynamicshasmainlyfocusedonthesimulationandpredictionoffirebehavior.Thisinvolvescomputationalfluiddynamics(CFD)modeling,whichisusedtosimulatethecharacteristicsoffires,includingtemperature,heatreleaserate,andflameheight.Additionally,experimentshavebeenconductedtovalidatetheCFDmodelsandgaininsightintothebehaviorofdifferenttypesoffires,suchascompartmentfires,tunnelfires,andwildlandfires.
FlameBehavior
Flamebehavioristhestudyofthestructureandinteractionofflames.InChina,researchershavemainlyfocusedonthecharacteristicsofdifferenttypesofflamesandtheirinteractionswithvariousmaterials.Thisinvolvestheuseofadvancedimagingtechniques,suchaslaser-inducedfluorescence(LIF),tovisualizetheflowfieldandchemicalspeciesinflames.Theresultsofthesestudieshaveshedlightonthemechanismsofflameextinction,theeffectsoffuelcompositionandflowrate,andtheroleofturbulenceincombustion.
CombustionMechanism
Combustionmechanismisthestudyofthechemicalprocessesinvolvedintheburningoffuels.InChina,researchershavefocusedonthedevelopmentandvalidationofchemicalkineticmodelsfordifferenttypesoffuels,suchascoal,biomass,andgasoline.Thesemodelsareusedtopredictthereactionpathways,speciesconcentrations,andemissionsofcombustionproducts.Additionally,experimentshavebeenconductedtomeasurethecombustioncharacteristicsoffuelsunderdifferentconditions,suchastemperature,pressure,andoxygenconcentration.
FireRetardants
Fireretardantsarematerialsthatareusedtoslowdownorpreventthespreadoffires.InChina,researchonfireretardantshasmainlyfocusedonthedevelopmentofef