英语阅读中图式理论的应用及其教学启示-豆柴文库

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英语阅读中图式理论的应用及其教学启示
Title:ApplicationofSchemaTheoryinEnglishReadinganditsPedagogicalImplications
Introduction:
Readingisacomplexcognitiveprocessthatinvolvestheinteractionbetweenthereaderandthetext.Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinunderstandinghowreadersconstructmeaningfromtext.OnetheorythathasgainedsignificantattentioninthefieldofreadingcomprehensionisSchemaTheory.Thistheorysuggeststhatreadersbringtheirexistingknowledgeandexperiencestomakesenseofthetext.ThispaperaimstoexploretheapplicationofSchemaTheoryinEnglishreadinganddiscussitspedagogicalimplications.
I.OverviewofSchemaTheory:
SchemaTheory,proposedbyBartlettinthe1930s,positsthatindividualsusetheirpriorknowledge,orschema,tointerpretandunderstandnewinformation.Schemasarebuiltthroughexperiencesandarementalframeworksthathelpindividualsorganize,categorize,andmakesenseofnewinformation.Inthecontextofreading,readersactivaterelevantschemastocomprehendthetextualinformation.
II.ApplicationofSchemaTheoryinEnglishReading:
1.ActivatingBackgroundKnowledge:
OneofthemainapplicationsofSchemaTheoryinEnglishreadingistheactivationofpriorknowledge.Whenreaderscanrelatetheinformationpresentedinthetexttotheirexistingknowledge,comprehensionisenhanced.Teacherscanfacilitatethisprocessbypre-teachingvocabulary,discussingrelatedtopics,andguidingstudentstomakeconnectionsbetweentheirownexperiencesandthetext.
2.PredictingandMakingInferences:
SchemaTheorysuggeststhatreadersactivelypredictwhatmighthappennextinthetextbasedontheirpriorknowledge.Thesepredictionshelpreadersanticipateinformationandmakeinferencesaboutthetext.Teacherscanencouragestudentstomakepredictionsandsupporttheminjustifyingtheirpredictionsusingtheirschema.Thisenhancesreadingcomprehensionandcriticalthinkingskills.
3.TextStructureAnalysis:
SchemaTheoryemphasizestheimportanceofunderstandingtheorganizationalstructureofatext.Readersusetheirschematorecognizedifferenttextstructuressuchascauseandeffect,problemandsolution,andcompareandcontrast.Teacherscanexplicitlyteachthesetextst