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TortLaw

Tortlawisabodyoflawthatdealswithcivilwrongs,exceptthosethatarisefromcontractproblems.
Thepurposeoftortlawistocompensateaninjuredpartythroughtheawardofdamagesfortheinjuriesincurredduringatortiousact.


Categories
Therearethreebroadcategoriesoftorts:
1.Intentionaltorts:
2.negligence
3.strictliability

1.Intentionaltorts:
Intentionaltortsareoneswherethedefendantdesirestobringaboutaparticularresult.
Intentionaltortsincludeactionsthatthelaypersonoftenassociateswithcriminallawbutarealsocoveredbytortlaw.

Themainintentionaltortsagainstpersonsare:
a.battery.
b.assault.
c.falseimprisonment.
d.intentionalinflictionofemotionaldistress.
Themainintentionaltortsagainstpropertyare:
a.trespasstoland.
b.trespasstochattels.
c.conversion


2.Negligence:
Thedefendanthasnotintendedtobringaboutacertainresult,buthasmerelybehavedcarelessly.
Therearenoindividually-namedtortsinthiscategory,merelythegeneralconceptof"negligence."(generictort)

3.Strictliability:
Thedefendantisheldliableeventhoughhedidnotintendtobringabouttheundesirableresult,andeventhoughhebehavedwithutmostcarefulness.

INTENTIONALTORTS
Assault
Battery
Falseimprisonment
Intentionalinflictionofemotionaldistress
Trespasstoland
Trespasstochattels,and
Conversion
Assaultandbattery
Assaultandbatteryareintentionaltorts,meaningthatthedefendantactuallyintendstoputtheplaintiffinfearofanimminentbattery,orintendstowrongfullytouchtheplaintiff.
Thewrongfultouchingneednotinflictphysicalinjury,andmaybeindirect.(contactthroughathrownstone,spitting)

Assault
Assaultoccurswhenthedefendant'sactsintentionallycausethevictim'sreasonableapprehensionofimmediateharmfuloroffensivecontact.

Inotherwords,thedefendanthascommittedthetortofassaultifhehasintentionallycausedtheplaintifftothinkthatshewillbesubjectedtoaharmfuloroffensivecontact.
Theinterestbeingprotectedisplaintiff'sinterestinfreedomfromapprehensionofthecontact;thusthetortcanexistevenifthecontactitselfneveroccurs.

Apprehension:
Thevictimmustperceivethatharmfuloroffensivecontactisaboutt