专八人文知识美国文学简史九.docx

专八人文知识：美国文学简史(九)
SouthernLiteratureI.HeritageAmericansouthernliteraturecandatebacktoEdgarAllenPoe,andreachitssummitwiththeappearanceofthetwo“giants”–FaulknerandWolfe.Therearesouthernwomenwriters–KatherineAnnePorter,EudoraWelty,andFlanneryO’Connor.II.SouthernMyths–guilt,failure,poverty1.Chevalier[w]heritage[/w]2.Agrarianvirtue3.Plantationaristocracy4.Lostcause5.Whitesupremacy6.PurityofwomanhoodSouthernliterature:twisted,pessimistic,violent,distortedGothicnovel:PoeIII.WilliamFaulkner1.life2.literarycareer:threestages(1)1924~1929:trainingasawriterTheMarbleFaunSoldie'sPayMosquitoes(2)1929~1936:mostproductiveandprolificperiodSartorisTheSoundandtheFuryAsILayDyingLightinAugustAbsalom,Absalom(3)1940~end:wonrecognitioninAmericaGoDown,Moses3.pointofviewHegenerallyshowsagrimpictureofhumansocietywhereviolenceandcrueltyarefrequentlyincluded,buthislaterworksshowedmoreoptimism.Hisintentionwastoshowtheevil,harsheventsincontrasttosucheternalvirtuesaslove,honour,pity,compassion,self-sacrifice,andtherebyexposethefaultsofsociety.Hefeltthatitwasawriter’sdutytoremindhisreadersconstantlyoftruevaluesandvirtues.4.themes(1)historyandraceHeexplainsthepresentbyexaminingthepast,bytellingthestoriesofseveralgenerationsoffamilytoshowhowhistorychangeslife.Hewasinterestedintherelationshipbetweenblacksandwhites,especiallyconcernedabouttheproblemsofthepeoplewhowereofthemixedraceofblackandwhite,unacceptabletobothraces.(2)Deterioration(3)Conflictsbetweengenerations,classes,races,manandenvironment(4)Horror,violenceandtheabnormal5.style/featuresofhisworks(1)complexplot(2)streamof[w]consciousness[/w](3)multiplepointofview,circularform(4)violationofchronology(5)courtroomrhetoric:formallanguage(6)characterization:hewasabletoprobeintothepsychologyofcharacters(7)“anti-hero”:weak,fable,vulnerable(truepeopleinmodernsociety)Hehasagroupofwomenwritersfollowinghim,includingO’ConnorandEudoraWeltySection2The1930sRadical1930sI.BackgroundGreatDepression(1929“BlackThursday”)II.Literature1.Writersofthe1920swerestillwritin