英语专业跨文化交际期末知识点整理summary-豆柴文库

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U1:
viewsoninterculturalcommunication
Twodifferentviewsoninterculturalcommunication:“peoplearepeople”VS.“contactisnotequaltocommunication”
3majorsocio-culturalelementsinfluencingperceptionandcommunication
Culturalvalue,worldview,socialorganizations.
Whatisglobalization?
Globalizationisaprocessofinteractionandintegrationamongthepeople,companies,andgovernmentsofdifferentnations。aprocessdrivenbyinternationaltradeandinvestmentandaidedbyinformationtechnology.Thisprocesshaseffectsontheenvironment,onculture,onpoliticalsystems,oneconomicdevelopmentandprosperity,andonhumanphysicalwell-beinginsocietiesaroundtheworld.
Whatarethestumblingblocksininterculturalcommunication?
assumptionofsimiliarities:peopleexpectthatsimplybeinghumanandhavingcommonrequirementsoffood,shelter,securityandsoonmakeseveryonealike.
Languagedifferences.:“yes”and“no”causetrouble.
Nonverbalmisinterpretatons:misinterpretationofobservablesiansandsymbols—gesture,postures,bodymovenment.
Preconceptionsandstereotypes:Arabsare“inflammable”maycauseU.S.studentstokeeptheirdistance.
Tendencetoevaluate:toapproveordisapprove,tostatementsandactionsofotherpersonorgroup.
Highanxiety/tension.
U2:
Whatisculture?
Cultureisaveryextensiveconcept,itisverydifficulttodefineitstrictlyandaccurately,becausecultureinvolvestoomuch.Cultureisacomplexsystemofbehavior,values,beliefs,traditionsandartifacts,whichistransmittedthroughgenerations.
Whatarethefivebasicneedsforhumanbeings?
physiologicalneeds(thingsthatmakeusalive,foodwaterair)
safetyneeds(physicalsafeandpsychologicalllysecure)
belongingnessneeds(needstobeacceptedbyothersandtobelongtoagroup)
esteemneeds(recognition,reputation,selfrespect)
self-actualizationneeds(actualizeonselfandtoreachone’sfullpotential)
Whatarevalues,attitudes,beliefsandbehaviors?Howaretheylinked?
Valuesarewhatpeoplegotowaroverorconductbussinessby.Valuestellushowtoweightheworthofsomething,theycanindicatearelativehierarchy.
Attitudesarefeelingsaboutthings.itisatendencytorespondthesamewaytothesameobjectorsituation