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EnglishHomeworkforChapter1


1.Inancienttimestherectilinearpropagationoflightwasusedtomeasuretheheightofobjectsbycomparingthelengthoftheirshadowswiththelengthoftheshadowofanobjectofknownlength.Astaff2mlongwhenhelderectcastsashadow3.4mlong,whileabuilding’sshadowis170mlong.Howtallisthebuilding?
Solution.Accordingtothelawofrectilinearpropagation,weget,x=100(m)
Sothebuildingis100mtall.
2.Lightfromawatermediumwithn=1.33isincidentuponawater-glassinterfaceatanangleof45o.Theglassindexis1.50.Whatangledoesthelightmakewiththenormalintheglass?
Solution.Accordingtothelawofrefraction,Weget,
n′=1.50
n=1.33
water
45o
I′



Sothelightmake38.8owiththenormalintheglass.




3.Agoldfishswims10cmfromthesideofasphericalbowlofwaterofradius20cm.Wheredoesthefishappeartobe?Doesitappearlargerorsmaller?
Solution.Accordingtotheequation.
	and	n’=1,n=1.33,r=-20	A

wecanget

Sothefishappearslarger.

R2=-20cm
R1=20cm
A
-10cm












4.Anobjectislocated2cmtotheleftofconvexendofaglassrodwhichhasaradiusofcurvatureof1cm.Theindexofrefractionoftheglassisn=1.5.Findtheimagedistance.
Solution.Refertothefigure.Accordingtotheequation
andn=1,n’=1.5,l1=-2cm,r1=1cm,weget
r1=1cm
A
A′
-l1=2cm
l2′





EnglishHomeworkforChapter2


1.Anobject1cmhighis30cminfrontofathinlenswithafocallengthof10cm.Whereistheimage?Verifyyouranswerbygraphicalconstructionoftheimage.
-l=30cm
f′=10cm
y=1cm
Solution.AccordingtotheGauss’sequation,
andl=-30cmf’=10cm.
weget

Othersareomitted.

2.Alensisknowntohaveafocallengthof30cminair.Anobjectisplaced50cmtotheleftofthelens.Locatetheimageandcharacterizeit.
-l=50cm
f′=30cm
Solution.AccordingtoGauss’sequation,
		andf′=30cml=-50cm
weget
		
Theimageisareal,largerone.


3.Theobjectistransparentcube,4mmacross,placed60cminfrontof20cmfocallength.Calculatethetransverseandaxialmagnificationanddescribewhattheimagelookslike?
Solution.FromGauss’sequation,wefindfortherearsurfaceofthecube(thefaceclosertothelens)
that,
Forthefrontsurface(thefacefartherawayfromthelens),

Thetransversemagnificationfortherear