10.英语常用介词用法汇总.pdf

英语常用介词用法汇总

（介词短语=介词+名词）

1、about
基本含义：a-b-out“A在B外面”
引申含义：“A和B的联系”
1）在…周围：Thekidsaresittingabouttheirteacher.
Ilikethenecklaceaboutherthroat.
2）环绕：Thebirdalwaysfliesabouttheforest.
Iplantotravelabouttheworld.
3）关于：abookaboutEnglishstudy
Theyaretalkingaboutthenewfilm.
4）[adv]大约about20minutes大约20分钟

2、above
基本含义：a-b-over“A在B上方”
引申含义：
1）在…上方:Thesunroseabovethehorizon.
2）数目大于…/重量超过…/价格（能力、地位）高于…
Thereisnothinginthestoreabove50cents.
“Hewhocomesaftermeisaboveme,becausehewasbeforeme”
固定搭配：
1）aboveall:首先（强调重要性）
Aboveall,hewasanoutstandingmathematician.
2）aboveallthings:最最…
Whatyouneed,aboveallthings,isconfidence.
3）beaboveoneself:兴高采烈=highspirit
Whenheheardthegoodnews,hewasabovehimself.

3、across
基本含义：a-grass“A走过一片草坪”
引申含义：
1）穿过：Shewalkedacrosstheroad.
2）在...对面:Thebarisjustacrossthestreet.
3）交叉：Hesatwithhisarmsacrosshischest.
Thetwolinespassacrosseachotheratrightangles.
固定搭配：
1）AcomeacrossB.A偶遇B
IcameacrossJoantheotherday.
2）AgetsthacrosstoB.A使某物被B了解
Iwanttogetmytheoryacrosstoallstudents.

4、after
基本含义：“A在B之后”（强调顺序）
引申含义：
1）在…之后（时间顺序、空间顺序）
Afterdinner,theywentoutforawalk.
Ishouldafterhim,buthestillwenton.
2）照着…的样子
Readthesentenceafterme,please.
Thebuildingisnamedafterthefamoushero.
Iwillmakeaboxafterthatone.
固定搭配：
1）beafter寻找/goafter追逐/runafter追求
Youshouldrunafteryourowndream.
2）afterall不管怎样（即：在任何事情之后都一样）
Afterall,heisyourfather.
3）lookafter照顾

5、against
基本含义：a-g-e“相对”
引申含义：
1）碰着、靠着：Shewasleaningagainstatree.
2）反对：Weshouldfightagainstcrimes.
3）预防：Savemoneyagainstarainyday.未雨绸缪
固定搭配：
1）goagainst违反（故意违反某人的意志）
Hechosetogoagainsthisfamily.
2）beagainst
①违反（违反法律、制度）
Itisagainstthelawtohunttigers.
②反对Lincolnwasstronglyagainstslavery.
③不利于Whathesaidisagainsthim.

6、around
基本含义：a-round”A在一个圆里面”（在一定范围内）
引申含义：
1）在…周围:Therearemanybarsaroundthetown.
2）在附近、到处：Ishowedhimaroundourcampus.
3）【adv】大约：Therearearound1000peoplewatchingthegame.

7、at
基本含义:“朝向一点”
引申含义:
1）小地点,或小时间点

Usually,heisathisofficeinthemorning.
Iarrivedathomeat7:00.
Knockat;lookat;aimat;shootat;arriveat…
2）表示引发某种情绪或动作