尼泊尔用于缓解人与野生动物冲突之电篱笆经济效用分析（英文）-豆柴文库

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尼泊尔用于缓解人与野生动物冲突之电篱笆经济效用分析（英文）
EconomicAnalysisofElectricFencingforMitigatingHuman-WildlifeConflictinNepal
Introduction
Human-wildlifeconflictisbecomingincreasinglycommonintheworld,anditcausessignificanteconomiclosses,especiallyindevelopingcountrieswherethelivelihoodsofmanypeopledependonagriculture.InNepal,human-wildlifeconflictisagrowingconcernduetoitsimpactonpeople’slives,crops,andlivestock.Oneofthesolutionstomitigatetheconflictiselectricfencing,whichhasbeenimplementedinvariouspartsofNepal.Thispaperaimstoanalyzetheeconomicbenefitsofelectricfencingformitigatinghuman-wildlifeconflictanditspotentialforpromotinghumanwelfare.
Human-WildlifeConflictinNepal
Nepal'sgeographicallocationandbiodiversitymakeitanaturalhabitatformanywildlifespecies,suchaselephants,tigers,rhinoceroses,bears,andleopards.However,withanincreaseinthehumanpopulationandexpansionofinfrastructure,theirhabitatshavebeendisturbed,leadingtoanincreaseinhuman-wildlifeconflict.Theconflicthasresultedinthelossofcrops,property,andhumanlives,posingasignificantthreattothewelfareofthehumanpopulationinNepal.
ElectricFencing
Electricfencingisapopularsolutionformitigatinghuman-wildlifeconflictglobally,andithasbeenimplementedinNepalsincethe1990s.Thefencingusesalow-powerelectricshocktokeepwildanimalsawayfromhumansettlements,livestock,andcrops.Thefencecomprisesofawireortapethatishookeduptoanenergizerpoweredbyabatteryormainselectricity.Theenergizersendsanelectricalpulsethroughthewireortapeeverysecond,providingalow-powerelectricshocktoanyanimalthattouchesthefence.
EconomicBenefitsofElectricFencing
Thebenefitsofelectricfencingarenumerousandinclude:
1.ProtectionofCropsandLivestock
Electricfencingprovidesaneffectivebarrierthatpreventswildanimalsfromenteringcropfieldsorlivestockpens,therebyreducingcropdamageandlossoflivestock.
2.ReductionofHuman-WildlifeConflict
Electricfencinghasbeenfoundtobeaneffectivetoolinreducinghuman-wildlifeconflict.Ithelpstocreateabarrierbetweenhumansettlementsandwildlifehabitats,preventingconflictsthatm