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暂缓起诉制度研究
Abstract
TheconceptofdeferredprosecutionoriginatedfromtheAmericanlegalsystemandhassincebeenadoptedbymanycountriesasanalternativetotraditionalcriminalprosecution.Deferredprosecutionisaprocessinwhichprosecutorsdeferchargesagainstanindividualorentityforaspecifiedperiod.Duringthistime,theindividualorentitymustcomplywithcertainconditions,suchaspayingrestitution,undergoingcounseling,orcompletingcommunityservice.Iftheconditionsaremet,thechargesaredropped.Thisarticleexaminestheprosandconsofthedeferredprosecutionsystem,itsimpactonthecriminaljusticesystem,anditseffectivenessinachievingitsintendedgoals.
Introduction
Deferredprosecutionisalegalconceptthatallowsprosecutorstosuspendcriminalproceedingsagainstanindividualorentity.Itisawayofholdingdefendantsaccountablewithoutresortingtoalengthycriminaltrial.Deferredprosecutionagreements(DPAs)requiredefendantstomeetcertainconditionsduringaspecifiedperiod;iftheconditionsaremet,thechargesaredismissed.Iftheconditionsarenotmet,theprosecutionmayresume.
Theuseofdeferredprosecutionhasincreaseddramaticallyinrecentyears,withmanycountriesadoptingthesystemasanalternativetotraditionalprosecution.Thispaperexaminestheimpactofdeferredprosecutiononthecriminaljusticesystem,itsprosandcons,anditseffectivenessinachievingitsintendedgoals.
ProsofDeferredProsecution
Oneofthemainadvantagesofdeferredprosecutionisthatitcanbeaneffectivewayofholdingcorporationsaccountablefortheiractions.Inmanycases,prosecutingacorporationcanbedifficult,time-consuming,andexpensive,whichcandeterprosecutorsfrompursuingcharges.Deferredprosecutionallowsprosecutorstoholdcorporationsaccountablewithouttheneedforalengthytrial,whichcansavetimeandresources.
Deferredprosecutioncanalsobeaneffectivemeansofrehabilitatingindividualswhohavecommittedcriminalacts.ManyDPAsrequiredefendantstoundergocounseling,communityservice,orotherformsofrehabilitation.Theseconditionscanhelpindividualsaddresstherootcausesoftheircriminalbehaviorandpreventthemfromreoffendinginthefuture.
ConsofDeferredProse