监狱行刑中的人权保障初探-豆柴文库

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监狱行刑中的人权保障初探
Introduction
Humanrightsprotectionisacriticalmatter,notonlyinsocietyatlargebutparticularlywithinthewallsofcorrectionalfacilities.Thisessayaimstoexploretheimportanceofhumanrightsprotectioninprisons,withaspecificfocusonexecutinginmates.Itwillalsoassessthemeasuresthatareinplacetoguaranteethatthoseincustodyarenotsubjecttoinhumaneanddegradingtreatment,torture,orabuse.
TheImportanceofHumanRightsProtectioninPrisons
Prisonsarecrucialfacilitiesmeanttoserveasaformofcorrectionalcenterbypunishingandrehabilitatingoffenders.Eventhoughtheyareusedaspunishmentcenters,humanrightsprotectionshouldnotbeignored.Prisoners,likeallhumanbeingsareentitledtofundamentalhumanrights.Theyareentitledtoaccessmedicalcare,legalrepresentation,fairtrial,physicalsafety,anadequatestandardofliving,andfreedomfromtortureorabuseasstipulatedunderinternationalandnationallaw.
Whenaninmateisexecuted,theviolationoffundamentalhumanrightsisoftenmorehighlightedbecausethesituationisirrevocable.Executingindividualswhoarecondemnedtodeathisahighlysensitivematterandisoftenasourceofcontroversyanddebate.Assuch,itisimportantthatspecifichumanrightssafeguardsareputinplaceandadheredtointhesesituations.
TheMeasuresinPlacetoGuaranteeHumanRightsProtection
TheUnitedNations(UN)hasputinplaceseveralmeasurestoprotectindividualsincorrectionalfacilities.Thesemeasuresaremeanttopreservetheinherentdignityofhumanbeingsregardlessoftheirpastactions.Afewofthemareasfollows:
1.DeathPenaltySafeguards
OnDecember18,2007,theUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblyreaffirmeditslandmarkresolutionof1994andstatedthatforeignnationalsfacingthedeathpenaltyorwhohavebeensentencedtodeathmusthaveaccesstoconsularservices.Theresolutionservestopreventforeignnationalsfrombeingexecutedwithoutreceivingassistancefromtheirhomestate.Itprovidescriticalsafeguardsagainsthumanrightsviolations.Thesesafeguardsensurethatthosefacingthepenaltyareaccordedrespect,dignity,andhumanetreatment.
2.TheMandelaRules
TheMandelaRulesareasetofstandardsratifiedbytheUnitedNationsin2015.Theyin