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卧龙国家级自然保护区大型真菌多样性调查及资源分析
Introduction
Fungiplayanimportantroleinforestecosystems,especiallyinnutrientcycling.However,theyareoftenoverlooked,andtheirdiversityanddistributionpatternsarenotwellunderstood.Inrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofmolecularmethods,wehavegainedabetterunderstandingofthefungaldiversityinforestecosystems,andthishasledtoarenewedinterestinstudyingthefungalcommunitiesandtheirrolesinforestecosystems.TheWolongNationalNatureReserveinChinaisauniqueforestecosystem,anditisanidealsiteforstudyingfungaldiversity.Therefore,weconductedalarge-scalefungaldiversitysurveyintheWolongNationalNatureReserve,andinthispaper,wewillreporttheresultsofthesurveyandanalyzethefungalresourcesinthereserve.
Methods
IntheWolongNationalNatureReserve,weestablished12samplingplots,eachwithanareaof1hectare.Ineachplot,werandomlyplaced10samplingunits,andineachunit,wecollectedallthefruitingbodiesoffungiwecouldfindwithina1-meterradius.Weidentifiedallthefungiwecollectedtothespecieslevelusingbothmorphologicalandmolecularmethods.MolecularidentificationwasdoneusingDNAbarcoding,andweusedtheITSregiontosequenceallthefungi.Wealsomeasuredtheenvironmentalvariables,suchassoilpH,temperature,andmoisturecontent,toexplorethefactorsthatmayaffectthefungalcommunitystructure.Weusedvariousstatisticalmethods,suchasrarefactionanalysisandnon-metricmultidimensionalscaling,toanalyzethefungaldiversityandcommunitystructure.
Results
Wecollectedatotalof885fruitingbodiesoffungiinthe12samplingplots.Thesewereclassifiedinto184species,belongingto80generain38families.ThedominantfamilieswereRussulaceae,Boletaceae,andAgaricaceae.Wefoundatotalof7newspecies,whichwillbedescribedindetailinaseparatepaper.TheShannon-Wienerindexofthefungalcommunitywasrelativelyhigh,withanaverageof3.87.Therarefactionanalysisshowedthatthefungaldiversitywasrelativelystablewithanincreasingnumberofspecies.Non-metricmultidimensionalscalingrevealedthatthefungalcommunitiesweremainlyaffectedbysoilpH,moisturecontent,andaltitude.Wefoundthatthefungaldiversityathig