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第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT6页共NUMPAGES\*MERGEFORMAT6页 英语六级巅峰阅读附详解第83期:健康与疾病 AstudypublishedintheNewEnglandjournalofMedicineestimatedthatthereareanaverageof30in-flightmedicalemergenciesonU.S.flightseveryday.Mostofthemarenotgrave;fainting,dizzinessandhyperventilation（换气过度)arethemostfrequentcomplaints,But13%ofthem-roughlyfouraday-areseriousenoughtorequireapilottochangecourse.Themostcommonoftheseriousemergenciesincludehearttrouble(46%),strokesandotherneurologicalproblems(18%),anddifficultbreathing(6%).Let'sfaceit:planeridersarestressful.Forstarters,cabinpressuresathighaltitudesaresetatroughlywhattheywouldbeifyoulivedat5,000to8,000feetabovesealevel.Mostpeoplecantoleratethesepressuresprettyeasily,butpassengerswithheartdiseasemayexperiencechestpainsasaresultofthereducedamountofoxygenflowingthroughtheirblood.Lowpressurecanalsocausetheairinbodycavitiestoexpand-asmuchas30%+Again,mostpeoplewon'tnoticeanythingbeyondmildstomachcramping.Butifyou'verecentlyhadanoperation,yourwoundcouldopen.Andif'amedicaldevicehasbeenimplantedinyourbody-asplint,atracheotomy（气管切开术）tubeoracatheter(导管)-itcouldexpandandcauseinjury.Anothercommonin-flightproblemisdeepvenousthrombosis(深静脉血栓)-theso-calledeconomy-classsyndrome,Whenyousittoolonginacrampedposition.thebloodinourlegstendstoclot.Mostpeoplejustgetsorecalves.Butbloodclots,leftuntreated,couldtraveltothelungs,causingbreathingdifficultiesandevendeath.Suchclotsarereadilypreventedbykeepingbloodflowing;walkandstretchyourlegswhenpossible,Whateveryoudo,don'tpanic.Thingsarelookinguponthein-flight-emergencyfront.Doctorswhocometopassengers'aidusedtoworryaboutgettingsued;theirfearshaveliftedsomewhatsincethe1998AviationMedicalAssistanceActgavethem"goodSamaritan"protection.Andthankstomorerecentlegislation,flightswithatleastoneattendantarestartingtoinstallemergencymedicalkitswithautomateddefibrillators(电击去颤器)totreatheartattacks.Areyoustillwonderingifyouarehealthyenoughtofly?Ifyoucanwalk150it.orclimbaflightofstairswithoutgettingwinded,you'llprobablydojustfine,Ha
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