2021年英语四级语法复习指导(5)-利用语法解其它题型.docx

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2021年英语四级语法复习指导(5):利用语法解其它题型

第五节、利用词法、语法解其它题型一、阅读中词汇题词汇题里考到的词汇通常有两种情况：一种是超过大纲的生词；一种是简单词汇，但意义不常见。解这类题的最基本的方法是利用上下文来猜测词汇的大体意思，然后对照选项挑选最接近的表达。解词汇题有几种常见的技巧：（1）复述或例证First,Americansasawholetendtobefairlyprovincialandtakemoreofaninterestinlocalaffairs.Knowledgeofworldgeography,forexample,hasneverbeenstronginthiscountry.Theword“provincial”mostprobablymeans_____.（1999年6月）A)limitedinoutlookB)likepeoplefromtheprovincesC)rigidinthinkingD)interestedinworldfinancialaffairs解题思路：provincial后面的并列句子takemoreofaninterestinlocalaffairs是对provincial一词的复述。“对地方事务更感兴趣”表明provincial就是狭隘。A是最好的解释。后面举例子是确认第一推测的双保险。（2）比较与对比Thefourthtestrequiredpeopletoreadapassage,thenanswerquestionsaboutit.Non-smokersremembered19percentmoreofthemostimportantinformationthanactivesmokers,anddeprivedsmokersbestedthosewhohadsmokedacigarettejustbeforetesting.Activesmokerstendednotonlytohavepoorermemoriesbutalsohadtroubleseparatingimportantinformationfrominsignificantdetails.（1998年6月）Theword“bested”(Line3,Para.5)mostprobablymeans_______.A)beatB)enviedC)caughtupwithD)madethebestof解题思路：原文中考查单词bested出现在比较句中，句子直译为“受限制吸烟者____了测试前刚抽过一根烟的人”。这个句子是并列句的后半部分，因此与前面的语义应该有平行关系。前文意思是“不吸烟的人比常吸烟的人多记住19％的最重要信息”。因此根据句式要求，后面bested所在句子也应该是甲大于/多于乙的关系。故A为正确选项。二、15选10文章填空利用语法常识快速缩小范围，方法是根据“左邻右里”确定所缺词汇所充当的句子成分、词性。看下例。Inrecentyears,manyAmericansofbothsexesand1ageshavebecomeinterestedinimprovingtheirbodies.Theyhavebecome2tophysicalfitness.Theneedtoexercisehasalmostbecomecompulsivewithmanypeoplewhohaveastrong3to‘bemorephysicallyfit’.Bynature,Americansareenthusiasticandenergeticabouttheirhobbiesandpastimes.Theytypically4thisenthusiasm,andenergytojogging,runningorotherexercises.Asaresult,therearerunningclubsorgymstojoinandmanybooksandmagazinestoreadabout5fit.Thewishtobephysicallyfitisexplainedbya“passion”forgoodhealth.Thehighrateofheartattacksinthe1960scausedasharp6onthepartofthepublicinimprovingtheirbodies.Nowadays,middle-agedmen,inparticular,7alotfromheartattacks.Consequently,theyareonegroupst