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第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT3页共NUMPAGES\*MERGEFORMAT3页 英语四级美文听力第99篇:TheImportanceofDevelopingAttitudes TheImportanceofDevelopingAttitudesOfalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitudes.Emotionalreactionsaswellaslogicalthoughtprocessesaffectthebehaviorofmostpeople.“Theburntchildfearsthefire”isoneinstance;anotheristheriseoffigureslikeHitler.Boththeseexamplesalsopointupthefactthatattitudescomefromexperience.Intheonecasetheexperienceisdirectandimpressive,intheotheritisindirectandgradual.Theclassroomteacherintheelementaryschoolisinstrategicpositiontoinfluenceattitudes.Thisistruepartlybecausechildrenacquireattitudesfromthoseadultswhosewordstheyrespect.Anotherreasonwhyitistrueisthatpupilsoftensearchsomewhatdeeplyintoasubjectinschoolthathasonlybeentoucheduponathomeorhaspossiblyneveroccurredtothembefore.ToachildwhohadpreviouslyacquiredlittleknowledgeofMexico,histeacher'smethodofhandlingsuchaunitwouldgreatlyaffecthisattitudetowardMexicans.Theteachercandevelopproperattitudesthroughsocialstudies,sciencematters,theveryatmosphereoftheclassroom,etc.However,whenchildrencometoschoolwithundesirableattitudes,itisunwisetoattempttochangetheirfeelingsbycriticizingthem.Theteachercanachievethepropereffectbyhelpingthemobtainconstructiveexperience.Toillustrate,first-gradepupils,afraidofpolicemenwillprobablychangetheirattitudesafteraclassroomtalkwiththeneighborhoodofficerinwhichheexplainshowheprotectsthem.Inthesameway,aclassofolderchildrencandevelopattitudesthroughdiscussion,researchandall-daytrips.Finally,ateachermustconstantlyevaluatehisownattitudes,becausehisinfluencecanbeharmfulifhehaspersonalprejudices.Thisisespeciallytrueinrespecttocontroversialissuesandquestionsofwhichchildrenshouldbeencouragedtoreachtheirownconclusionasresultofobjectiveanalysisofallthefacts.
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