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第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT15页共NUMPAGES\*MERGEFORMAT15页 2021年6月大学英语六级仔细阅读练习题附答案及解析(3) PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Caughtinasqueezebetweenthehealthneedsofagingpopulationsononehandandthefinancialcrisisontheother,governmentseverywherearelookingforwaystoslowthegrowthinhealth-carespending.Increasingly,theyarelookingtothegeneric-drugs(普通药物)industryasasavior.InNovemberJapan'sfinanceministryissuedareportcomplainingthatthecountry'suseofgenericswaslessthanathirdofthatinAmericaorBritain.InthesamemonthCanada'scompetitionwatchdogcriticizedthecountry'spharmaciesforfailingtopassonthesavingsmadepossiblebytheuseofgenericdrugs.Thatgreed,itreckoned,coststaxpayersnearlyC$1billionayear.ThenonNovember28ththeEuropeanCommissionissuedthepreliminaryresultsofitsyear-longprobeintodruggiantsintheEuropeanUnion.Thereportreachedadamning~,thoughprovisional,conclusion:thedrugsfirmsuseavarietyofunfairstrategiestoprotecttheirexpensivedrugsbydelayingtheentryofcheapergenericopponents.Thoughthisinitialreportdoesnotcarrytheforceoflaw(afinalreportisdueearlynextyear),ithascausedmuchcontroversy.NeelieKroes,theEU'scompetitioncommissioner,sayssheisreadytotakelegalactioniftheevidenceallows.Onestrategytheinvestigatorscriticizeistheuseofthe"patentduster(专利群)".Afirmkeentodefenditsdrugduetogooff-patentmayfiledozensorhundredsofnewpatents,oftenofdubiousmerit,toconfuseandterrifypotentialcopycatsandmaintainitsmonopoly.Anunnameddrugsfirmoncetookout1,300patentsacrosstheEUonasingledrug.Thereportalsosuggeststhatout-of-courtsettlementsbetweenmakersofpatenteddragsandgenericsfirmsmaybeastrategyusedbytheformertodelaymarketentrybythelatter.AccordingtoEUofficials,suchmisdeeds-havedelayedthearrivalofgenericcompetitionandtheaccompanyingsavings.Onaverage,ritereportestimates,genericsarrivedsevenmonthsafterapatenteddruglostitsprotection,thoughwherethedrugwasabigsellerthelagwasfourmonths.Thereportsaystaxpayerspaidaboutq3billionmorethantheywouldhave-hadthegenericsgoneonsaleimmediately.Buthangonaminute,Though
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