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我国稻渔综合种养研究进展
Abstract
Rice-fishintegratedfarmingisatraditionalfarmingsysteminChina,whichhasbeenpracticedforthousandsofyears.Theintegratedfarmingsystemnotonlyprovidesfoodsecuritybutalsobringsvariousecological,economicandsocialbenefits.Thispaperprovidesanoverviewoftheresearchadvancesinrice-fishintegratedfarmingsysteminChina.Theresearchincludesthebenefitsofintegratedfarming,thechallengesfaced,andthesolutionsforsuccessfulimplementation.Thepaperconcludesbyhighlightingtheimportanceofcontinuingresearchonrice-fishintegratedfarmingtoaddressthechallengesoffoodsecurityandecologicalsustainability.
Introduction
RiceandfisharetwoofthemostimportantagriculturalproductsinChina.Therice-fishintegratedfarmingsystemisanancienttraditionalfarmingsysteminChinathatinvolvesraisingfishinricepaddies.Thesystemprovidesfoodsecurityandotherbenefitstofarmerssuchasincome,soilconservation,andpromotionofbiodiversity.RecentresearchinChinahasshowntheecological,economicandsocialbenefitsofthesystem.However,thesystemfacesvariouschallengessuchasthedeclineofwaterresourcesandpollution.Thispaperreviewstheresearchadvancesinrice-fishintegratedfarmingsysteminChina.
BenefitsofRice-fishintegratedfarming
Rice-fishintegratedfarminghasmanyecological,economicandsocialbenefits.Theecologicalbenefitsincludeimprovingsoilquality,reducingsoilerosion,andincreasingbiodiversity.Thesystemprovidesanaturalecosystemforfish,whichcanfeedoninsects,algaeandotherresourcesinthericepaddy.Thefish,inturn,producewastethatisrichinnutrients,whichservesasnaturalfertilizersforricepaddies.Thenaturalfertilizersarenotonlycheapbutalsohelptomaintainsoilqualitythroughtheadditionoforganicmatter,whichimprovessoilfertilityandwaterretention.Inaddition,thefishhelptocontrolpestsandweedsinthericepaddies,whichreducestheneedforchemicalpesticidesandherbicides.
Intermsofeconomicbenefits,rice-fishintegratedfarmingprovidesadditionalincometofarmerswhocansellbothriceandfishaswellasfishproductssuchasfishsauceandfishmeal.Thesystemisalsocost-effective,asiteliminatesthe