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第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT7页共NUMPAGES\*MERGEFORMAT7页 2021年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案第1套段落匹配 HowWorkWillChangeWhenMostofUsLiveto100A)TodayintheUnitedStatesthereare72,000centenarians(百岁老人).Worldwide,probably450,000.Ifcurrenttrendscontinue,thenby2050therewillbemorethanamillionintheUSalone.AccordingtotheworkofProfessorJamesVaupelandhisco-researchers,50%ofbabiesbornintheUSin2021havealifeexpectancyof104ormore.BroadlythesameholdsfortheUK,Germany,France,ItalyandCanada,andforJapan50%of2021babiescanexpecttoliveto107.B)Understandably,thereareconcernsaboutwhatthismeansforpublicfinancesgiventheassociatedhealthandpensionchallenges.Thesechallengesarereal,andsocietyurgentlyneedstoaddressthem.Butitisalsoimportanttolookatthewiderpictureofwhathappenswhensomanypeoplelivefor100years.Itisamistaketosimplyequatelongevity(长寿)withissuesofoldage.Longerliveshaveimplicationsforalloflife,notjusttheendofit.C)Ourviewisthatifmanypeoplearelivingforlonger,andarehealthierforlonger,thenthiswillresultinaninevitableredesignofworkandlife.Whenpeoplelivelonger,theyarenotonlyolderforlonger,butalsoyoungerforlonger.Thereissometruthinthesayingthat“70isthenew60”or“40thenew30.”Ifyouagemoreslowlyoveralongertimeperiod,thenyouareinsomesenseyoungerforlonger.D)Butthechangesgofurtherthanthat.Take,forinstance,theageatwhichpeoplemakecommitmentssuchasbuyingahouse,gettingmarried,havingchildren,orstartingacareer；Theseareallfundamentalcommitmentsthatarenowoccurringlaterinlife.In1962,50%ofAmericansweremarriedbyage21.By2021,thatmilestone(里程碑)hadshiftedtoage29.E)Whiletherearenumerousfactorsbehindtheseshifts,onefactorissurelyagrowingrealizationfortheyoungthattheyaregoingtolivelonger.Optionsaremorevaluablethelongertheycanbeheld.Soifyoubelieveyouwilllivelonger,thenoptionsbecomemorevaluable,andearlycommitmentbecomeslessattractive.Theresultisthatthecommitmentsthatpreviouslycharacterizedthebeginningofadulthoodarenowbeingdelayed,andnewpatternsofbehaviorandanewstageoflifeareemergingforthoseintheirtwenties.F)Longevityalsopushesbacktheageofretireme
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