闪锌矿和方铅矿的沉淀顺序：以中国西南铅锌矿床为例（英文）-豆柴文库

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闪锌矿和方铅矿的沉淀顺序：以中国西南铅锌矿床为例（英文）
PrecipitationOrderofSphaleriteandGalena:ACaseStudyofSouthwestChinaLead-ZincDeposits
Introduction
Lead-zincoresareimportantresourcesintheresourcesindustryfortheirvaluablemetals.But,theprecipitationorderofmineralsinlead-zincdepositsisofgreatconcerninthemineralprocessingsector.Inthispaper,wewilldiscusstheprecipitationorderofsphaleriteandgalenawiththesouthwestChinalead-zincdepositsasanexample.Theprecipitationorderissignificant,asitdetermineswhattypesofmethodscanbeusedinmineralseparationandhowtoachieveeffectiveseparationoflead-zincores.
GeologicalBackground
Thelead-zincdepositsinsouthwestChinamainlyoccurintheUpperPermiansedimentaryrocks.Thedepositsmainlyconsistofsixtypesofmineralization,includingvein-type,stratiform,replacement,cave-filling,sedimentary,andresidual.Thesphaleriteandgalenaarethemostimportantminerals.Thesphaleriteisrichinzinc,whereasgalenaisrichinlead.Thesetwomineralsaretypicallyassociatedwitheachother,whichmakestheseparationoftheleadandzincmineralsdifficult.
PrecipitationOrderofSphaleriteandGalena
Theprecipitationorderofsphaleriteandgalenainthelead-zincdepositshasbeenstudiedextensively.Accordingtoresearch,theprecipitationofsphaleritegenerallyprecedestheprecipitationofgalena.Thisordercanbeexplainedbasedontheprinciplesofthermodynamics.SphaleritehasalowerGibbsfreeenergythangalena,whichmeansthatitismorestableandwillformfirst.Theprecipitationofsphaleritealsoconsumesmoreoftheavailablemetalionsandleavesfewerionsavailabletoformgalena.
Ingeneral,therearethreemainfactorsthataffecttheprecipitationorderofsphaleriteandgalena:temperature,metalconcentration,andpHvalue.Highertemperaturespromotetheprecipitationofgalena,whereaslowertemperaturespromotetheprecipitationofsphalerite.Ahighermetalconcentrationleadstotheformationofmoresulfideminerals,includingsphaleriteandgalena.AhigherpHvaluealsopromotestheprecipitationofgalena,whereaslowerpHvaluespromotetheprecipitationofsphalerite.
ImplicationforMineralProcessing
Inmineralprocessing,theprecipitationo