高考英语阅读理解科普类说明文4篇--较难(有答案)-豆柴文库

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高考英语说明文4篇
1
Hereisanastonishingandsignificantfact:Mentalworkalonecan’tmake
ustire.Itsoundsabsurd/əb'sɜːd/荒谬的.Butayearsago,scientiststriedtofindout
howlongthehumanbraincouldlaborwithoutreachingastage阶段
offatigue/fə'tiːg/(疲劳).Totheamazementofthesescientists,theydiscoveredthatbloodpassingthroughthebrain,whenitisactive,showsnofatigueatall!Ifwetook
adropofbloodfromadaylaborer劳动者,wewouldfinditfulloffatiguetoxins/'tɒksɪn/(毒素)andfatigueproducts.ButifwetookbloodfromthebrainofanAlbertEinstein,itwouldshownofatiguetoxinsattheendoftheday.
Sofarasthebrainisconcerned,itcanworkaswellandswiftly很快地
attheendofeightoreventwelvehoursofeffortasatthebeginning.Thebrainis
totallytireless.Sowhatmakesustired?
Somescientistsdeclarethatmostofourfatiguecomesfromourmental
andemotional(情绪的)attitudes.OneofEngland’smostoutstanding
scientists,J.A.Hadfield,says,“Thegreaterpartofthefatiguefromwhichwe
sufferisofmentalorigin/'ɒrɪdʒɪn/起源.Infact,fatigueofpurelyphysicaloriginis
rare.”Dr.Brill,afamousAmericanscientist,goesevenfurther.Hedeclares,“One
hundredpercentofthefatigueofsittingworkeringoodhealthisdueto
emotionalproblems.”
Whatkindsofemotionsmakesittingworkerstired?Joy?Satisfaction?
No!Afeelingofbeingbored,anger,anxiety/æŋ'zaɪətɪ/焦虑,tenseness紧张
,worry,afeelingofnotbeingappreciated---thosearetheemotionsthattiresittingworkers.Hardworkbyitselfseldomcausesfatigue.Wegettiredbecauseouremotionsproducenervousnessinthebody.
1.Whatsurprisedthescientistsafewyearsago?
A.Fatiguetoxinscouldhardlybefoundinalaborer’sblood.
B.AlbertEinsteindidn’tfeelwornafteraday’swork.
C.Thebraincouldworkformanyhourswithoutfatigue.
D.Amentalworker’sbloodwasfilledwithfatiguetoxins.
2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcanmakesittingworkers
tired?
A.Challengingmentalwork.B.Unpleasantemotions.
C.Endlesstasks.D.Physicallabo
3.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthescientists’idea?
A.Heagreeswiththem.B.Hedoubtsthem.
C.Hearguesagainstthem.D.Hehesitatestoacceptthem.
4.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinordertostayenergetic,sitting
workersneedto_