动词的被动语态.docx

动词的被动语态

第一篇：动词的被动语态被动语态英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。在被动结构的句子中，动作的执行者可以由介词by引起的短语表示。Everyonerespectshim.Heisrespectedbyeveryone.被动语态的构成：助动词be+done（时态通过be表现出来）一．各种时态常见的被动语态形式1.一般现在时(am/is/are+done)如：Youarewantedonthephone.有电话找你。【例】：Insomepartsoftheworld,tea_____withmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.servedThenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeople______toeatmorefruitandvegetables.A.persuadeB.willpersuadeC.bepersuadedD.arepersuaded2.一般过去时(was/were+done)如：Thecitywasliberatedin1949.这座城市是1949年解放的。【例】：I_____tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven3.一般将来时(willbedone)如：Theywillbeinvitedtoyourparty.他们将被邀请参加你的晚会。【例】：Hundredsofjobs_____ifthefactorycloses.A.loseB.willbelostC.lostD.willlose4.现在进行时(am/is/are+beingdone)如：Thecarisbeingrepaired.车在修理当中。【例】：Anewcinema_____here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A.willbebuiltB.isbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbeingbuilt–What’sthatnoise?–Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine______.A.wastestedB.willbetestedC.isbeingtestedD.hasbeentested5.现在完成时(have/hasbeendone)如：Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.这本书已被译成多种语言。【例】：Hissisterlefthomein1998,and______since.A.hadnotbeenheardofB.hasnotbeenheardofC.hadnotheardofD.hasnotheardof6.过去将来时(wouldbedone)如：Theworkersaidthatthetreewouldbeplanted.工人说要把树种上。【例】：Inaroomabovethestore,whereaparty______,someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable.A.wastobeheldB.hasbeenheldC.willbeheldD.isbeingheld7.过去进行时(was/werebeingdone)如：Thedoorwasbeingpaintedthen.那道门正在被刷漆。8.过去完成时(hadbeendone)如：Theworkhadbeenfinishedbeforedark.天黑前工作就完成了。【例】：Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium_____inBeijing.A.wouldbecompletedB.wasbeingcompletedC.hasbeencompletedD.hadbeencompleted二．被动语态的基本用法1.当强调动作的承受着，将承受者作为谈话的中心时用被动语态。如：Howlonghasthemachinebeenused?2.当没有必要说出动作的执行者或根本不知道动作的执行者是谁时常用被动语态。如：Alltheworkhasbeenfinishedbynow.到现在为止所有的工作都已经做完了。3.当动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时常用被动语态。Thewindowglasswasbrokenbyastone.窗户玻璃是被石头打碎的。4.有时出于礼貌，不便提到动作的执行者，用被动语态。动作的执行者有可能是别人也可能是自己。如：Enoughh