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浅析马克吐温艺术特点

第一篇：浅析马克吐温艺术特点AnAnalysisofMarkTwain’sHumorinRunningforGovernor1.Introduction1.1MarkTwainandRunningforGovernorMarkTwain，pseudonymofSamuelLanghorneClemens,spenthisearlylifeintherivertownofHannibal,Missouri,strategicallylocatedonthebanksoftheMississippi.BeforetheCivilWar,crowdsofpeoplearrivedatthetownbeforeheadingforthewest.Whenhewastwelve,hisfatherdied,andhewasapprenticedtoaprinter.Hisschoolingwasbrief.Atseventeenhelefthomeandtraveledinthesouthwestandwestforthenextfifteenyears,workingfirstasatravelingprinter,thenasaMississippiRiverpilot,andasaminer,minespeculatorandjournalistinNevada.ItwasinNevadathathefirstusedthepenname,“MarkTwain”,whichspokeofhisloveoftheMississippiRiverandhisriverlife.“MarkTwain”wasalwaysawelcomerivercallmeaning“twofathoms”andindicatingthatthewaterwasdeepenoughforsafepassage.InNevada,hedreamedofstrikingitrich,butfailed.Insteadhesupportedhimselfbynewspaperreporting,specializinginhumorousfeaturestories.WiththepublicationofhisJumpingFrogstory,nowknownasTheNotoriousJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty,thepenname“MarkTwain”soonattractedthenationalattention.In1867,hetraveledtoEuropeandtheHolyLand—Palestine.ThejourneyresultedinTheInnocentsAbroad(1869)whichsoonbecameabestseller.OnFebruary2,1870,hemarriedawealthyeasternlady,OliviaLangdon,thusbeginningthirty-fouryearsoflovingandextraordinarilyclosecompanionship.In1872,hissecondbookRoughingIt,whichrecountedhisexperiencesinNevada,waspublished.ThefamilysettledinHartford,Connecticut,whereMarkTwainmetCharlesDudleyWarnerandWilliamDeanHowells,themostinfluentialliterarycriticoftheday.Thenhefinishedanotherwork,TheGildedAge(1874)withWarner.MarkTwain’sfirstrealnovelTheAdventuresofTomSawyer(1876)anditssequelTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn(1885)helpedhimbecomeoneofthegreatestnovelistsAmericahaseverproduced.MarkTwain’slaterlifewasplaguedbybusinessdisappointmentsandthedeathsoflovedones,hisoldestdaughter,hiswifeandhisyoungestdaughter.Hisworksbecameevenmoresarcastic.AConnecticutYankeeinKingArthur’sCourt(1889)wasanattacko