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英语论文翻译

第一篇：英语论文翻译ReliabilitySurveyofMilitaryAcquisitionSystemsJonathanL.Bell,Ph.D.,InstituteforDefenseAnalysesMatthewR.Avery,Ph.D.,InstituteforDefenseAnalysesMichaelC.Wells,InstituteforDefenseAnalysesKeyWords:Survey,DepartmentofDefense,Military,ReliabilitySUMMARY&CONCLUSIONSImprovingthereliabilityofmilitarysystemswithintheDepartmentofDefense(DoD)isakeypriority.TestresultsfromthelastfewdecadesindicatethattheDoDhasnotyetrealizedsignificantstatisticalimprovementsinthereliabilityofmanysystems.However,thereisevidencethatthosesystemsthatimplementedacomprehensivereliabilitygrowthprogramaremorelikelytomeettheirdevelopmentgoals.Reliablesystemscostlessoverall,aremorelikelytobeavailablewhencalledupon,andenablealongersystemlifespan.Reliabilityismoreeffectivelyandefficientlydesigned‑inearly(designforreliability)vicebeingtested‑inlate.Whilemoreupfronteffortisrequiredtobuildreliablesystems,thefuturesavingspotentialistoogreattoignore.AttherequestoftheDirector,OperationalTestandEvaluation(DOT&E),theInstituteforDefenseAnalyses(IDA)hasconductedannualreliabilitysurveysofDoDprogramsunderDOT&Eoversightsince2009toprovideacontinuingunderstandingoftheextenttowhichmilitaryprogramsareimplementingreliability-focusedDoDpolicyguidanceandassesswhethertheimplementationofthisguidanceisleadingtoimprovedreliability.Thispaperprovidesanassessmentofthesurveyresults.Overallsurveyresultssupporttheunderstandingthatsystemswithacomprehensivereliabilitygrowthprogramaremorelikelytomeetreliabilitygoalsintesting.Inparticular,theresultsshowtheimportanceofestablishingandmeetingReliability,Availability,andMaintainability(RAM)entrancecriteriabeforeproceedingtooperationaltesting(OT).WhilemanyprogramsdidnotestablishormeetRAMentrancecriteria,thosethatdidwerefarmorelikelytodemonstratereliabilityatorabovetherequiredvalueduringOT.ExamplesofeffectiveRAMentrancecriteriainclude(1)demonstratinginthelastdevelopmentaltesteventpriortotheOTareliabilitypointestimatethatisconsistentwiththereliabilitygrowthcurve,and(2)forautomatedi