西南大学英国文学史选读总结.docx

西南大学英国文学史选读总结

第一篇：西南大学英国文学史选读总结英国文学史I.EarlyandMedievalLiterature1.England’sinhabitantsareCelts.AnditisconqueredbyRomans,theTeutonictribesofAngle,SaxonsandJutes.In1066,atthebattleofHastings(黑斯延斯),theNormansheadedbyWilliam,DukeofNormandy,defeatedtheAnglo-Saxons.TheAnglo-SaxonsbroughttheGermaniclanguageandculturetoEngland,whileNormansbroughttheMediterraneancivilization(地中海文明),includingGreekculture,RomelawandtheChristianreligion.ItistheculturalinfluenceofthesetwoconqueststhatprovidedthesourcefortheriseandgrowthofEnglishliterature.2.Juteslivedandmaintainedcloserelationswithkindred(相似)tribes.3.TheoldEnglishliteratureextendsfromabout449to1066,theyearoftheNormanconquestofEngland.4.ThreekindsoflanguagesintheAnglo-Normanperiod:Norman---French,English---English,Religious---Latin.Twokindsofliterature:RomansandBallads.“Romans”isaboutupperclass,andnothingtodowithRomans.5.TheoldEnglishpoetrythathassurvivedcanbepidedintotwogroups:Thereligiousgroupandthesecularone.6.Theliteratureofthisperiodfallsnaturallyintotwopisions――paganandChristian.7.ThenationalepicoftheEnglishpeople,whichbelongstotheprimitive(原始，早期)literature;Romancecycles,whichbelongtothefeudalist(封建)literature;Folkliteraturewhosesubjectsarefromthelowerclass8.CaedomisthefirstknownreligiouspoetofEngland,heisknownasthefatherofEnglishsong.9.ThedidacticpoemTheChristwasproducedbyCynewulf.10.TheSongofBeowulfItdescribesthemostheroicmanoftheAnglo-Saxontimes.ItisaDenmark(丹麦)storywhichusedalliteration,metaphors(隐喻)andunderstatements(轻描淡写).Itisthefirstliterature,England’snationalepic;itwaswrittenbyanunknownscribeatthebeginningofthe10thcenturyandwasnotdiscovereduntil1750Itconsistsof3182linesTellingastoryaboutanancientheroBeowulf’sfightagainstalakemonster,Grendel,andhismother,amonster,too;Beowulf’sbattleagainstafiredragon.Thepoemisanexampleoftheminglingofthenaturemythsandheroiclegends.12.TheliteraturewhichtheybroughttoEnglandisremarkableforitsbright,romantictalesofloveandadventure,inmarkedcontrastwiththestrengthandsomberness(严峻)ofAnglo-