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高中主谓一致讲义 第一篇:高中主谓一致讲义一、含义一)句子中谓语动词的数必须与主语的数保持一致。二)三原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。二、语法一致原则主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。一)主语是单数,谓语动词用单数;主语是复数,谓语动词用复数。Theresultsoftheresearcharetobepublishedsoon.Hissuggestionhasbeenaccepted.二)复合不定代词someone,anyone,everyone,nobody,something,anything,everything,nothing等作主语,谓语动词用单数。IfanyoneseesLisa,askhertocallme.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.三)eachof+名词复数作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;但名词复数+each作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。Eachofthestudentshasanapple.Thestudentseachhaveanapple.四)代词all作主语,若指人,谓语动词用复数;若指事物或现象,谓语动词用单数。Allareequalbeforethelaw.Alliswellthatendswell.五)不定式(短语),动名词(短语),或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.Whenwe’llgooutforanoutinghasbeendecided.三、意义一致原则一)形式为单数但意义为复数概念的词,如police,cattle等作主语,谓语动词用复数。Thepolicehavenotmadeanyarrests.二)“the+adj/分词”或者“the+姓氏复数”作主语,谓语动词用复数。Thericharetohelpthepoor.TheGreensaregoingtoLondon.三)English,Chinese,Japanese等与the连用时表示复数意义,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。TheChinesearekindandfriendly.四)以-s结尾名词,如news,maths,plastic及以-ics结尾的学科名称名词,如physics,politics等做主语,谓语动词必须用单数。Physicsismyfavoritesubject.Badnewshaswings.五)单复数同形的名词sheep,deer,means,works等作主语,谓语动词的数与实际意义一致。ThreesheepareeatinggrassthereAsheepislyingthere.六)family,class,group,team,audience,committee,government,team等有生命意义的集体名词做主语时,如强调整体,谓语动词用单数;如被看作组成该集体的一个个成员,谓语动词用复数。Theclassconsistsof25boysand20girls.Theclassaredoingexperiments.四、就近原则or,either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…,not…but…在句子中连接并列主语的时候或者在therebe句型中,谓语动词要和离它最近的主语保持一致。eg:Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit.Thereisapen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.第二篇:主谓一致讲义集体名词作主语1.集体名词如:army,class,audience,enemy,family,crew,government,group,team,couple,party,union,public,nation,crowd,population,company,majority,committee等作主语时,如果强调的是整体,即把它看作一个整体,谓语动词常用单数;如果强调组成的个体,即把它看成其中的成分(个体),谓语动词常用复数形式。2.有些集体名词如:people,police,cattle,folk,youth(青年),poultry(家禽),vermin(害虫),militia(民兵)等作主语,谓语动词一般用复数形式。3.有些无生命的集体名词如equipment,furniture,machinery(机器),foliage(树叶),merchandise(货物)等在句中充当主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。Muchofherjewellerywasstolen.Someofthefurniturehasbeenmovedtoanot

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