商学导论演讲稿.docx

商学导论演讲稿identifywhetherafirmproducesproductsorservices，itneedsaproductionprocess（alsocalledconversionprocess），oraseriesoftasksinwhichresourcesareusedtoproduceaproductorservice.manypossibleproductionprocessescanachievetheproductionofaspecificproduct.thus，effectiveproductionmanagement（oroperationsmanagement）aimsatdevelopinganefficient（relativelylow-cost）andhigh-qualityproductionprocessforproducingspecificproductsandservices.themainresourcesthatfirmsusefortheproductionprocessarehumanresources（employees），materials，andotherresources（suchasbuildings，machinery，andequipment）firmsthatproduceproductstendtousemorematerialsandequipmentintheirproductionprocess.firmsthatproduceservices（suchasinternetfirms）usemoreemployeesandinformationtechnology.humanresourcesfirmsmustidentifythetypeofemployeesneededforproduction.skilledlaborisnecessaryforsomeformsofproduction，butunskilledlaborcanbeusedforotherforms.theoperatingexpensesinvolvedinhiringhumanresourcesaredependentbothonthenumberofemployeesandontheirskilllevels.（putdifferentpeopleintheappropriatestation）materialsthematerialsusedintheproductionprocessarenormallytransformedbythefirm’shumanresourcesintoafinalproduct.suchasrubber，steel，paper.thenumberandthequalityisveryimportantbecauseitattachestothecost.otherresourcesabuildingisneededformostformsofproduction.manufacturersusefactoriesandoffices.servicefirmsuseoffices.rentthebuildingslastbutnotleastcombiningtheresourcesforproductionmanagersattempttoutilizetheresourcesjustdescribedinamannerthatachievesproductionatalowcost.theycombinethevariousresourceswiththeuseofworkstationsandassemblylines.aworkstationisanareainwhichoneormoreemployeesareassignedaspecifictask.aworkstationmayrequiremachineryandequipmentaswellasemployees.andanassemblylineconsistsofasequenceofworkstationsinwhicheachworkstationisdesignedtocoverspecificphasesoftheproductionprocess.employeesusebuildings，machinery，andequipmenttoconvertmaterialsintoaproductorservice.mostproductionprocessesaremoreefficientwhendifferent