动词不定式的基本用法归纳(课堂PPT).ppt

动词不定式的基本用法归纳Unit1一、动词不定时的形式肯定式：todosth否定式：nottodosth.被动式：tobedone完成式：tohavedone结构:todo;(否定)nottodo(1).Theypretendednottoseeus.1.作主语1.作主语A.动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。如：(1)Toseeistobelieve.(2)TomasterEnglishgivesusmuchhelpinthestudyofscience.B.不定式或不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，构成“Itis+形容词(+forsb.)不定式”结构。Itisimpossibleforhimtogiveupsmoking.2.作宾语Helikesto______________.Ifinditstillnecessary(forhim)to___________ifhewantstowin.C．动词不定式还可以用作介词宾语，但仅限于介词except和but（除了）。1)Theydidnothingexcept_______(work).2)Thereisnochoicebut_________(wait).常用句型有：Thereisnothingtodobut+动词原形(do)donothingbut（except）+动词原型（除做….之外别无选择）havenochoicebuttodo，别无选择只能去做...）动词不定式常见的考点还有：hadbetter,wouldrather.....than,can'thelpbut,cannotbut,等结构后用动词原型。1)Wecannotbut_______atthesadnews.(weep).2)Youcan'thelpbut_________(respect)them.1)can'tbutdo不得不=havetodosth.eg,Hecan'tbut_______hiswork.(stop)他不得不停止工作.2)can'thelpbutdo=can'thelpdoing禁不住:unabletochangeone'sbehaviourorfeelingseg.We___________________him.=We______________________him.我们禁不住嘲笑起他来.3)donothingbut只（做某事）...nothingbut=onlyeg.He______________________complain.他只能抱怨.Heis_______________________wanderabout.他无所事事,只是在闲逛.1.Therewasnothingtodointheeveningbut_____.A.readB.toreadC.readingD.isreading2.Thereisnothingwecandobutwait______.A.ascalmaspossibleB.aspossibleaswecanC.ascalmaswecanD.ascalmlyaswecan分析：也就是说calm应该用副词calmly.因为根据句意，calmly是修饰动词wait的，修饰动词应该用副词，形容词calm不能修是动词。3.Hecoulddonothingbut_______forthebus_____.A.wait,tocomeB.wait;comeC.waiting;comingD.waited;came【解析】试题分析:考查词组:第一空填wait,因为coulddonothingbutdosth只好做…,第二空填tocome,因为waitforsbtodosth等待某人做....他只好等汽车来。考点：非谓语动词3．作表语4．作宾语补足语【注意】在感官动词（“五看，二听，一感觉”：lookat,see,watch,notice,observe,hear,listento,feel,等）和使役动词“三让”（let,have，make）后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但这类句子变成被动语态时，必须带to。(let,have,一般不用于被动语态)Isawhimplayinthepark.→Hewasseentoplayinthepark.Thebossmadethosemenworkdayandnight.→Thosemenweremadetoworkdayandnight.Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.Imadehimdohiswork.5.定语Ihavesomethingtosay,butmybrotherhasalotofhomework_____