True-or-false判断题0.doc

Trueorfalse判断题:Linguisticscanbedefinedasthescientificstudyofaparticularlanguage.()Languageisarbitrarybynaturebutitisnotcompletelyarbitrary.()Itisgenerallybelievedthatmodernlinguisticsismostlydescriptive,diachronic,andemphaticonwriting.()Animalsarebornwiththecapacitytoproducethesetofcallspeculiartotheirspecies,whilehumanbeingsdonnothavethisgeneticbasis.()Animalscannottalkaboutthethingsexceptthoseaboutfood,danger,enemy,etc.becausethecommunicativesignalsofanimalsdonnothavethepropertyofdisplacement.()Wecanusetheword“word”totalkaboutaword,wecantalkabout“talk”,wecanthinkabout“thinking”,thisshowsthatlanguagehasametalingualfunction.()WhensomeonebreaksabowloraplateonaspecialoccasioninChinathepeoplepresentarelikelytosay“suisuiping’an”(everyyearbesafeandhappy)asameansofcontrollingthemagicforceswhichthebelieversfeelitmightaffecttheirlives.Thisshowsthatlanguagehasaninterpersonalfunction.()Languageistheinstrumentofthought,recordoffacts,andpeopleoftenfeelneedtospeaktheirthoughtsaloud.Thisindicatesthatlanguagehasanexpressivefunction.()Ababy’sbabbling,widespreaduseofverbaldueling,poetrywritingaswellasself-singingallshowthatlanguagecanbeusedtoamusethespeakers.()Thedichotomy“etic”and“emic”isbynatureinacontrastofbeingconcreteandabstract,andcanbegeneralizedintoawideruseoflinguisticresearchinacomplementarywayintermsofmethodology.()F2.T3.F4.F5.T6.T7.F8.F9.T10.TPhoneticsstudiesthephonicmediumofaparticularlanguage.()2.Phonologyaimstodiscoverhowspeechsoundsofallhumanlanguagesformpatternsandhowthesesoundsareusedtoconveymeaninginlinguisticcommunication.()3.InEnglish,pillandbillformaminimalpair,andsodolifeandknife,pinandping.()4.TheEnglishliquidsare[w]and[j],whiletheEnglishglidesare[l]and[r].()5.TheEnglishvowel[u:]canbedescribeascentral,close,rounded,andlong,and[u]central,close,rounded,andshort.()6.Thephoneme/t/and/d/canoccurinthesamepositionandtheydistinguishmeaning,thereforetheyaresaidtobeincomplementarydistribution.()7.ThedistinctivefeaturesinEnglishcanapplytotheotherlanguages,too.Forinstanc