动词的几种特殊用法.doc

动词的几种特殊用法以下情况动词用原形情态动词can,may,must,could,would,should,shall,will之后动词用原形。感官动词see,watch,hear,feel,let,make,notice之后动词用原形。短语have/hasto,hadbetter,whynot之后动词用原形。注：have/hasto,hadbetter表示否定时为：Idon′thavetodo,doesn′thaveto,didnˊthaveto,hadbetternotdo.以下情况动词用动名词动词like,feellike,enjoy,finish,keep,mind,prefer,practice,spend之后动词用动名词。即:like/feellike/enjoy/finish/keep/mind/prefer/practise/spenddoingsth…形容词busy,worth之后动词用动名词。即:bebusydoingsthbeworthdoingsth介词at,about,of,for,on,to,without,from等之后动词为动名词。句子开头，动词常用作动名词。三．以下情况动词用不定式。1.动词want,wouldlike,hope,wish,need,teach,learn,plan,refuse,allow,afford,call,try,order,get,invite,encourage,tell,ask,forget,remember,show,decide,discuss等之后动词为不定式。2.形容词之后动词常用作不定式。3.宾语从句中疑问词之后的动词常用作不定式。即know,tell,show,teach,decide,discuss,learn等之后常出现带疑问的不定式。如：Idon’tknowwheretogo/whattodo/howtodoit/whentoleave?注：1.某些常用动词之后既可以用动词原形，又可以用不定式或动名词，但是其意义有很大区别。如：hearsb.dosth.表示“听见某人做了某事”hearsb.doingsth.表示“听见某人在做某事”seesb.dosth.表示“看见某人做了某事”seesb.doingsth.表示“看见某人在做某事”liketodosth.表示“想做某事”（表愿望）likedoingsth.表示“喜欢做某事”（表兴趣）trytodosth.表示“设法、努力做某事“trydoingsth.表示“尝试做某事”stoptodosth.表示“停止做某事去做另一件事”stopdoingsth.表示“停止做某事”2.宾语补足语的否定式，只须在宾语后面加not。如：ask/tellsb.nottodosth.Makesb.notdosth.3.两者兼可：begin/starttodo(doing)sth.helpsb.do(todo)sth.4.不带“to”的不定式变为被动语态时，要带“to”。如：Theboywasmadetostandoutsidebyhisteacher.5.Something之后置不定式“do”的宾语。如：Iwant/have/get/find/somethingtodo如：Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.Ihadsomethingtoeatthismorning.6.作主语用的不定式常用“it”代替。如：Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.Torealizeyourdreamthroughgreateffortisreallycool.Itisreallycooltorealizeyourdreamthroughgreateffort.