地质专业词汇中英文对照.docx

一、地层stratigraphy宇eonothem界erathem系system统series阶stage群group组formation段member显生宇PhaneozoicEonothem元古宇ProterozoicEonothem太古宇ArchaeanEonothem新生界CenozoicErathem第四系QuaternarySystem全新统HoloceneSeries更新统PleistoceneSeries第三系TertiarySystem晚第三系NeogeneSystem上新统PlioceneSeries中新统MioceneSeries早第三系PaleogeneSystem渐新统OligoceneSeries始新统EoceneSeries古新统PaleoceneSeries中生界MesozoicErathem白垩系CretaceousSystem侏罗系JurassicSystem三叠系triassicSystem古生界PaleozoicErathem二叠系PermianSystem石炭系CarboniferousSystem泥盆系DevonianSystem志留系SilurianSystem奥陶系OrdovicianSystem寒武系CambrianSystem新元古界NeoproterozoicErathem震旦系SinianSystem中元古界MesoproterozoicErathem古元古界PalaeoproterozoicErathem地层对比stratigraphiccorrelation层位horizon标志层keybed哑层barrenbed缺失lacuna尖灭featheredge透镜状结构lensoid连续continuity不连续discontinuity整合conformity不整合unconformity角度不整合angularunconformity平行不整合para-unconformity产状occurrence走向strike倾角dip真倾角truedip视倾角apparentdip倾伏角plunge侧倾角pitch层理bedding层面beddingplanes交错层理crossbedding二、岩性lithology
粘土clay粉质粘土siltyclay砂sand砾石gravel沉积岩sedimentaryrock火成岩igneousrock变质岩metamorphicrock粘土岩claystone,clayrock页岩shale泥岩mudstone粉砂岩siltstone泥质粉砂岩argillaceoussiltstone,peliticsiltstone,muddysiltstone砂岩sandstone泥质砂岩argillaceoussandstone,peliticsandstone,muddysandstone砾岩conglomerate煤coal灰岩limestone泥灰岩marl,marlstone白云岩dolomite蒸发岩evaporite岩浆岩magmaticrock,magmatite花岗岩granite玄武岩basalt凝灰岩tuff大理岩marble片麻岩gneiss夕卡岩skarn三、矿物mineral石英quartz长石feldspar云母mica白云母muscovite方解石calcspar角闪石hornblende石膏gypsum硬石膏anhydrite石盐rocksalt钾石盐sylvine光卤石carnallite溢晶石tachydrite水氯镁石bischofite四、颜色colour灰色gray白色white黄色yellow蓝色blue绿色green黑色black红色red棕色brown黄褐色tan深色dark浅色light暗色dull五、构造tectonics断层fault正断层normalfault逆断层
reversefault冲断层thrust走滑断层strike-slipfault倾滑断层dip-slipfault断层面faultsurface断层线faultline地垒horst地堑graben节理joint上盘hangingwall下盘footwall落差throw平错heave断层泥faultgouge断层角砾faultbrecci海侵transgression海退regression褶曲fold背斜anticline向斜syncline褶轴foldaxis轴隆区culmination轴陷区depression翼limb穹窿dome盆地basin六、水文地质hydrologicgeology河流river水库reservoir泉spring地表水surfacewater地下水groundwater大气降水atmo