常用化学中英文名词对照表.docx

常见元素
Al铝aluminumAg银silverAr氩argonAu金goldB硼boronBa钡bariumBe铍berylliumBr溴bromineC碳carbonCa钙calciumCl氯chlorineCo钴cobaltCr铬chromiumCu铜copperF氟fluorineFe铁ironGa镓galliumGe锗germaniumH氢hudrogenHe氦heliumHg汞mercuryI碘iodineK钾potassiumKr氪kryptonLi锂lithiumMg镁magnesiumMn锰manganeseN氮nitrogenNa钠sodiumO氧oxygenP磷phosphorusPt铂platinumRa镭radiumRn氡radonS硫sulfurSc钪scandiumSe硒seleniumSi硅siliconSn锡tinSr锶strontiumTi钛titaniumU铀uraniumV钒vanadiumW钨tungstenXe氙xennonZn锌zinc
基本概念、基本理论还原剂reducingagent氧化剂oxidizingagent电解质electrolyte离子反应ionicreaction强电解质strongelectrolyte弱电解质weakelectrolyte离子方程式ionicequation放热反应exothermicreaction焰色反应flametest物质的量amountofsubstance摩尔mole相对分子质量relativemolecularmass相对原子质量relativeatomicmass摩尔质量molarmass气体摩尔体积molarvolumeofgas物质的量浓度amount-of-substanceconcentrationofB可逆反应reversiblereaction核电荷数nuclearchargenumber电子云electroncloud原子序数atomicnumber两性氢氧化物amphoterichydroxide两性氧化物amphotericoxide元素周期律periodiclawofelements元素周期表periodictableofelements周期period族group（主族：maingroup）核素nuclide同位素isotope离子键ionicbond共价键covalentbond化学键chemicalbond非极性分子non-polarmolecule非极性键non-polarbond极性分子polarmolecule极性键polarbond同素异形体allotrope化学反应速率chemicalreactionrate化学平衡chemicalequilibrium勒夏特列原理LeChatelier'sprinciple电离平衡ionizationequilibrium盐类的水解hydrolysisofsalts酸碱中和滴定acid-baseneutralizationtitration指示剂Indicator超导材料superconductivematerial原电池primarybattery化学电源chemicalpowersource干电池drycell锂电池lithiumcell铅蓄电池leadstoragebattery燃料电池fuelcell电化学腐蚀electrochemicalcorrosion
元素化合物硫酸钠sodiumsulphide碱金属alkalimetal碳酸钠sodiumcarbonate碳酸氢钠sodiumbicarbonate二氧化锰manganesedioxide氯化钾potassiumchloride氯化氢hydrogenchloride氯水chlorinewater硝酸银silvernitrate次氯酸钾potassiumhypochlorite氢氟酸hydrogenchloride淀粉碘化钾试纸starchpotassiumiodidepaper碘化钾potassiumiodide四氯化碳carbontetrachloride溴化钠sodiumbromide氯化铝aluminiumchloride氢氧化铝aluminiumhydroxide氧化铝aluminiumoxide臭氧ozone过氧化氢hydrogenperoxide二氧化硫sulphurdioxide氯化钡bariumchloride品红magenta或fuchsine硝酸钡bariumnitrate二氧化硅silicondioxide碘化钠sodiumiodide溴水brominewater氯化镁magnesiumchloride氮族元素nitrogengroupelement二氧化氮nitrog