脑出血英语护理查房.docx

Nursingroundsofcerebralhemorrhage
Xuguiying：DepartmentofNeurology
Cerebralhemorrhage
Referstotheprimarysubstanceofnon-traumaticbrainhemorrhage，whichaccountsfor20%to30%inacutecerebrovasculardisease
cerebralvasculardisease.
脑出血是指原发性脑实质出血占全部脑卒中的20%~30%

Etiologicalfactor
（1）Hypertensionwithatherosclerosis(mostcommon)。
（2）Intracranialaneurysms(mainlycongenitalaneurysm)。
（3）Cerebralarteriovenousmalformations
（4）Other:moyamoyadisease,blooddisease.
病因（1）高血压并发细小动脉硬化（最常见）。（2）颅内动脉瘤（主要是先天性动脉瘤）。（3）脑动静脉畸形（4）其他：脑动脉炎，脑底异常血管网症、血液病。

Pathogenesis
Basisofdisease:hypertensionandcerebrovasculardiseaseAdditionalfactors:forceandemotionalchanges
发病机制基础疾病：高血压，脑血管疾病其他因素：用力，情绪改变

Clinicalmanifestations
itOftenoccursinthehypertensivepatientswhoareover50yearsold2.Prodromalsymptomsoftendonothaveafeeling,asmallnumberofdizziness,headache,numbnessandslurredspeech,andmanymoreintheemotionalstress,excitement,bowelmovements,hard,andwhentheincidenceofsevereclimatechange.
临床表现1。常发生于50岁以上的高血压患者。2。发病前多无预感，少数有头晕、头痛，肢体麻木，言语不清等前驱症状，多在情绪紧张，兴奋，用力排便时发病。

Clinicalperformance(continued)
3.Onsetformofsuddenonset,reachedapeakafewminutestoseveralhours.
4.Clinicalsymptomsofacutesymptomsweresuddenheadache,vomiting,hemiplegia,aphasia,disturbanceofconsciousness,incontinence,etc.Differentsiteandamountofbleedinghas
Differentclinicalmanifestations
3。起病突然，往往在数分钟至数小时内，病情发展至高峰。4。急性症状为突然头痛，呕吐，偏瘫，失语，意识障碍，大小便失禁等。脑出血的临床表现随着出血部位和量的不同而各异。

Laboratoryandothertests
1.Leukocyte、bloodureanitrogenandbloodglucoseincrease.
2HeadCT,MRIexaminationcanbethesite、scopeandamountofearlydetectionofcerebralhemorrhage。
3.Cerebrospinalfluidpressureoftenincreased,
实验室和其他检查1。白细胞、血中尿素氮，血糖升高。2头颅CT，MRI检查可早期发现脑出血的部位，范围和出血量。3。脑脊液压力常增高。

essentialsofdiagnosis
1patientswhoareover50yearsold，withahistoryofhypertension。Itoftenoccursinphysicalactivityoremotionalexcitement。
2rapidemergenceofdifferentlevelsofconsciousnessandsymptomsofincreasedintracranialpressure,associatedwithhemiplegia,aphasiaandothersigns
3CTexamination(high-densityfoci)canconfirmthediagno