解剖学英汉名称对照.docx

一、总论（一）解剖学分类(ClassificationofAnatomy)anatomy解剖学humananatomy,anthropotomy人类解剖学systematicanatomy系统解剖学regional(topographic)anatomy,topology局部解剖学gross(macroscopic)anatomy大体解剖学，巨视解剖学microscopicanatomy显微解剖学macro-microscopicanatomy巨-微解剖学sectionalanatomy断面解剖学pathological(morbid)anatomy病理解剖学neuroanatomy神经解剖学chemicalneuroanatomy化学解剖学developmentalanatomy发生(或发育)histologicanatomy组织解剖学histology组织学embryology胚胎学anthropology人类学（二）一般解剖学术语(GeneralAnatomicalTerms)dissection，dissect(v.)解剖，解剖标本normality，normal(a.)正常abnormality,abnormal异常variation变异deformity,malformation畸形specimen标本model模型（三）方位术语(PositionalTerms)1.anatomicalposition解剖学姿势2.方位术语(termsofdirection)superior,upper上inferior,lower下anterior前侧posterior后侧ventral(dorsal)腹(背)侧medial(lateral)内(外)侧intermediate中间internal,interior,inner,inside内external,exterior,outer,outside外superficial浅deep,profound深proximal(distal)近(远)侧ulnar(radial)尺(桡)侧tibial(fibular)胫(腓)侧palmar掌侧plantar足底left左right右middle中median正中3.轴和面(AxesandPlanes)axis(pl.axes),axial(a.)轴vertical(perpendicular)axis,longitudinalaxis垂直轴,纵轴coronal(frontal)axis冠(额)状轴sagittalaxis矢状轴plane(平)面horizontal(transverse)plane水平面,横平面coronal(frontal)plane冠(额)状面sagittalplane矢状面mediansagittalplane正中矢状面transversesection横切面longitudinalsection纵切面（四）人体的分部和分区(ToponymandZonationoftheHumanbody)1.头(Head)head头(的)Skull，craniun，cranial(a.)颅front,frontal,region额区perietalregion顶区occiput,occipitalregion枕区Face,facial(a.)面orbit,orbitalregion眶区nose,nasalregion鼻区mouth,oralregion口区chin,mentalregion颌区ear,auditoryregion耳区2.颈(Neck)neck,collum,cervical&jugular(a.)颈anteriorregionofneck,anteriorofneck颈前区carotidtriangle颈动脉三角musculartriangle肌三角,肩胛舌骨肌气管三角sternocleidomastoidregion胸锁乳突肌区supraclaviculartriangle锁骨上三角posteriorregionofneck,nuchalregion颈后区,项区nape,nucha,nuchal(a.)项rootofneck颈根部3.躯干(Trunk)trunk,truncus躯干Mediananteriorline前正中线sternalline胸骨线parasternalline胸骨旁线midclavicularline锁骨中线anterior(posterior)axillaryline腋前(后)线midaxillaryline腋中线scapularline肩胛线medianposteriorline后正中线Back,dorsal背vertebralregion脊柱区sacralregion骶区scapul