法律英语法律出版社 各课课件第七课.ppt

LessonSevenItisbettertofightforjusticethantorailattheill.AlfredsTennyson,Britishwriter
与其责骂罪恶，不如伸张正义。英国作家丁尼生A
Background刑法的三个主要问题2024/11/152024/11/15Insanitydefense精神不正常辩护TEXTTheCrimeofHomicideJustifiablehomicideExcusablehomicideCriminalhomicide——有罪杀人TheelementsofthecrimesofmurderSummaryquestions1.MurderMaliceExpressmalicevs.ImpliedmalicePenaltyformurder(a)Felony–murder重罪中的谋杀Killingduringthecourseofafelonysuchasrobbery.
在抢劫这样的重罪过程中杀人
Gungoesoffaccidentallykillingtherobberyvictim,orabystander,orapoliceofficer.
手枪意外走火，杀死被抢劫的受害者、旁观者或警察
Adangerouscrimeasrobberysatisfiestherequirementofmalice
抢劫这样的危险犯罪构成恶意的条件Co-felonsguiltyofmurder重罪共犯谋杀Malice每个参与者都有恶意Deathpenalty死刑(b)Degreesofmurder恶意杀人罪的等级FirstdegreemurderCommonlawSummaryquestions2.Manslaughter(a)Voluntarymanslaughter自愿性非恶意杀人，故意杀人VoluntarymanslaughterHeatofpassionmaybeprovokedbyfear,rage,angerorterror.
Provocation,inordertobeadequate,mustbesuchasmightnaturallycauseareasonablepersoninthepassionofthemomenttoloseself-controlandactonimpulseandwithoutreflection.
http://www.lectlaw.com/def2/m012.htmAclassicexampleBetreatedlessharshlythanmurderInsuchparamourkillingcasestheconvictionrateisquitelow.
在杀死奸夫（妇）的案例中，定罪率很低
Concoctedexplanationofself-defense
编造的有关自卫的解释
Acquittalbyreasonof“theunwrittenlaw”
根据“不成文法”作出的无罪判决Inapplyingtestwhetheranintentionalkillingwasupongreatprovocationandintheheatofpassion,thequestionisputtothejury,ortothejudgeinnon-jurycases,astowhethertheaccusedreactedasa“reasonableman”.
对故意杀人是否由于受到极大的刺激和处于激情之下的判断，是由陪审团作出的，在没有陪审团的案件中，由法官作出判断。由他们决定被告是否是一个“理性的人”。(b)Involuntarymanslaughter非自愿性非恶意杀人，过失杀人VEHICULARMANSLAUGHTERNegligenthomicide过失杀人罪becauseofthedifficultyencounteredinconvictingmotoristsforthemorerevoltinglylabeledoffenseofmanslaughter
之所以制定这种特殊的有关杀人法律，是因为难以将撞死人的有罪司机划归比较令人讨厌的杀人犯罪。Advisable(明智的)Thepermissiblerangeofpenaltiesinrecklesshomicideornegligenthomicidestatutesisgenerally
afineupto$1000,
罚款1000美元
orincarcerationotherthaninapenitentiaryforanyperioduptooneyear,
禁闭，而不是监狱，时间最多1年
orimprisonmentinapenitentia