托福写作审题结构和提纲.ppt

审题，结构和提纲一、价值判断类型（should,important,necessary,prefer,better）结构回答why？Peopleshouldinsistonachallengingplanratherthanapracticalplan.
1.challengingplans
2.propelsocietytomoveforward(theinventionofplanes,computers,internet)
3.forsterthevalueofperseverance(Edison,Nobel)
4.bringhappyaccidents(thecreationofgunpowder)
5.Admittedly,practicalplansarelikelytosucceed,butareseldommotivating.However,challeningplanscanmotivatepeople,arouseenthusiamandpromotecreativity.
6.summaryPeopleshouldinsistonachallengingplanratherthanapracticalplan.
1.practicalplans
2.accomplishtheplanwithhighqualityontime(homework)
3.buildupconfidencetoundertaketasks(marathon)
4.ensurethesteadyprogressofabusiness,anorganizationorevenasociety(achainstoreexpandstooquicklytogobankrupt;greatleapofeconomy)
5.Admittedly,challengingplansaremoreexciting.However,challeningplanscanmakepeoplestressed,anxiousandlikelytomakemistakes.
6.summaryUniversitiesstudentsshouldberequiredtotakehistorycoursesnomatterwhatfieldtheystudy.
1.shouldnot
2.causemoreacademicpressure(amedicalstudent)
3.unnecessarycostforstudents(hiremorehistoryteachers;theincreasedcostwillbereflectedinthetuitionfee)
4.Admittedly,takinghistorycoursecanemulatesuccefulmodels,cultivatepatriotismandasenseofreponsibilityforthesociety.However,thisknowledgecanbeacquiredthroughmanyothermeanssuchasbooks,magazines,TVdocumentaries,theInternet,etc.
5.summaryUniversitiesstudentsshouldberequiredtotakehistorycoursesnomatterwhatfieldtheystudy.
1.should
2.studyhistorysystematically(teacher,referenceswhicharereliable,butinfofromothermeanssuchastheInternetisnotcredible)
3.getinspiredbyelitesinhistory(A.Lincoln,Franklin)
4.cultivateapatriotismandasenseofresponsibiltyforsociety(war,theprogressofasociety,theestablishmentofacountry)
5.Admittedly,takinghistorycoursetakestimeandenergy.However,comparedtothebenefits,theeffortsandcostsareworthwhile.
6.summaryAlow-paidbutsecurejobisbetterthanajobwithahighsalarybuteasytolose.
1.ajobwithahighsalary
2.guaranteesbettermateriallife(food,medici