基于无线通信的输电杆塔振动识别单元设计-毕业设计论文.doc

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摘要

随着我国电力事业的快速发展，输电线路网络大面积铺设，并呈现出杆塔多、线路长的特征。输电杆塔大多处在复杂的野外自然环境，并且具有高耸入云的特殊结构。一旦输电杆塔遭到破坏，将导致电力供应中断，影响工农业生产及人民群众的正常生活，严重时会导致火灾等次生灾害，造成无法挽回的经济损失。因此，杆塔振动分析及监测具有重要的研究价值和使用价值。
本文研究的主要内容：针对输电杆塔高耸入云的特殊结构及其所处的特殊外部环境，设计一种输电线路杆塔振动状态识别单元。具体方法：在输电杆塔上安装振动传感器，采集输电杆塔受外部异物撞击时的振动信号。信号经调理电路处理后，送入单片机进行处理。采样得到的振动数据信息，经傅里叶变换（FFT）后，得到振动信号的振动频率及其对应的幅值，将其作为振动特征参数，判断输电杆塔的振动情况。同时利用无线通信ZigBee技术将监测结果实时地发送至远端的主站。
经仿真实验及实践分析表明，输电杆塔振动识别单元准确性高，监测距离长，具有较强的抗干扰能力。杆塔振动识别单元具有重要的研究意义和现实价值。

关键词：输电线路杆塔；快速傅里叶变换(FFT)；ZigBee技术；振动检测

Abstract

WiththerapiddevelopmentofChina’spowerindustry,transmissionlinenetworkshowsthecharacteristicsofhavingmoretowerandlongercable.Transmissiontowersaremostlyincomplexnaturalenvironment,andhavingaspecialstructurehighintotheair.Oncethetransmissiontowersaredestroyed,itwillcausepoweroutages,andwillinfluenceindustrialandagriculturalproductionandpeople'snormallife,evenwillleadtoserioussecondarydisasterssuchasfire,resultinginirreparableeconomiclosses.Therefore,thetowervibrationanalysisandmonitoringhasimportantresearchvalueandusevalue.
Themaincontentofthispaper:inviewofthespecialstructureofthetransmissiontowerhighintotheskyandthespecialexternalenvironmentaroundit,atransmissionlinetowervibrationstaterecognitionunitisdesigned.Specificmethods:vibrationsensorsareinstalledontransmissiontower,collectingthevibrationsignalswhentransmissiontowerishitbyobjectsfromoutside.Afterprocessedbyadjustingcircuit，signalsaresentintothemicrocontrollerforprocessing.ItwillgetthevibrationfrequencyandthecorrespondingamplitudesafterFouriertransform(FFT)ofthesampledVibrationdata,asvibrationcharacteristicparameterstodeterminethevibrationtransmissiontower.AtthesametimeusingtheZigBeewirelesscommunicationtechnology,themonitoringresultsinreal-timewillbesenttotheremotehost.
Thesimulationexperimentsandpracticalanalysishaveshowedthatthetransmissiontowervibrationidentificationunithasthefeaturesofhighaccuracy,longdistancemonitoringandstronganti-interferenceability.Towervibrationidentificationunithasimport