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2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试



英语（二）试题




SectionIUseofEnglish



Directions:


Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark

A,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.(10points)


Thinnerisn‘talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave__1that

normal-weightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothose

whoareoverweight.Andtherearehealthconditionsforwhichbeingoverweightis

actually2.Forexample,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalcium

deficiencythanthinwomen.3amongtheelderly,beingsomewhatoverweight

isoftenan4ofgoodhealth.


Ofevengreater5isthefactthatobesityturnsouttobeverydifficultto

define.Itisoftendefined6bodymassindex,orBMI.BMI7bodymass

dividedbythesquareofheight.AnadultwithaBMIof18to25isoftenconsidered

tobenormalweight.Between25and30isoverweight.Andover30isconsidered

obese.Obesity,8,canbedividedintomoderatelyobese,severelyobese,and

veryseverelyobese.


Whilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9_,theyarenot.Obesityisprobably

lessamatterofweightthanbodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfact

extremelyfit,10otherswithalowBMImaybeinpoor11.Forexample,

manycollegiateandprofessionalfootballplayers12asobese,thoughtheir

percentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,someonewithasmallframemayhavehigh

bodyfatbuta13BMI.


Todaywehavea(an)14tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweight

aresometimes15inthemediawiththeirfacescovered.Stereotypes16

withobesityincludelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlowerprospectsforsuccess.

Teachers,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiases

againsttheobese.17veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,

andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.


Negativeattitudestowardobesity,18inhealthconcerns,have

stimulatedanumberofanti-obesity19.Myownhospitalsystemhasbanned




sugarydrinksfromitsfacilities.Manyemployershaveinstitutedweightlossand

fitnessinitiatives.MichelleObamahaslaunchedahigh-visibilitycampaign20

childhoodobesity,evenclaimingthatitrepresentsourgreatestnationalsecurity

threat.


1.[A]denied[B]conduced[C]doubled[D]ensured