辽宁省双台子河口湿地生态系统服务功能货币化研究.docx

辽宁省双台子河口湿地生态系统服务功能货币化研究
Introduction
Wetlandsareoneofthemostproductiveandbiologicallydiverseecosystems,providingawiderangeofecosystemservices.Theseservicesincludehabitatprovision,waterpurification,carbonsequestration,andfloodcontrol.However,wetlandsareunderthreatfromhumanactivitiessuchasurbanization,agriculture,andpollution.Asaresult,theimportanceofconservingwetlandshasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinrecentyears.Oneapproachtoconservationistomonetizethevalueofecosystemservices,whichcanprovidefinancialincentivesforconservationefforts.Inthispaper,wewillfocusonthemonetaryvaluationoftheecosystemservicesprovidedbytheShuangtaizi-HekouwetlandinLiaoningprovince,China.
Background
TheShuangtaizi-Hekouwetland,locatedinLiaoningProvince,isoneofthelargestwetlandsinnortheasternChina.Thewetlandiscomprisedofarangeofhabitatsincludingfreshwatermarshes,reedswamps,andopenwaterbodies,andishometoadiversearrayofplantandanimalspecies.Inadditiontoitsecologicalimportance,thewetlandalsoprovidesarangeofecosystemservices,includingwaterfiltration,carbonsequestration,andfloodcontrol.
Methodology
Tocarryoutthemonetizationofecosystemservices,weemployedtheCostanzaetal.(1997)framework.Thisframeworkinvolvesidentifyingthedifferentecosystemservicesprovidedbythewetland,quantifyingthem,andthenmonetizingthem.WeconductedaliteraturereviewtoidentifytheecosystemservicesprovidedbytheShuangtaizi-Hekouwetlandandusedarangeofmethodstoquantifytheseservices.Theseincludedremotesensing,waterqualitymonitoring,andcarbonstockassessments.Wethenusedmarketpricesorothervaluationmethodstomonetizetheseecosystemservices.
Results
Weidentifiedarangeofecosystemservicesprovidedbythewetland,includingwaterpurification,carbonsequestration,andhabitatprovision.Wequantifiedthevalueoftheseservicesasfollows:
Waterpurification:Weestimatedthevalueofwaterpurificationbyestimatingthecostofbuildingandmaintainingawatertreatmentplantthatwouldprovidethesamelevelofwaterpurification.Theestimatedvaluewas¥55.2millionperyear.
Carbonsequestration:Weestimatedth