中学英语组积极词汇辨析.doc

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中学英语组积极词汇辨析

1.clothes,cloth,clothing
clothes统指各种衣服谓语动词永远是复数cloth指布为不可数名词clothing服装的总称指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof
2.incident1,accident
incident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故Hewaskilledintheaccident.
3.amount,number
amount后接不可数名词number后接可数名词anumberofstudents
4.family,house,home
home家包括住处和家人house房子住宅family家庭成员.Myfamilyisahappyone.
5.sound,voice,noise
sound自然界各种各样的声音voice人的嗓音noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.
6.photo,picture,drawing
photo用照相机拍摄的照片picture可指相片图片电影片drawing画的画
Letsgoandseeagoodpicture.
7.vocabulary,word
vocabulary词汇一个人拥有的单词量word具体的单词Hehasalargevocabulary.
8.population,people
population人口人数people具体的人Chinahasalargepopulation.
9.weather,climate
weather一天内具体的天气状况climate长期的气候状况Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.
10.road,street,path,way
road具体的公路马路street街道path小路小径way道路途径
takethisroad;inthestreet,showmethewaytothemuseum.
11.course,subject
course课程(可包括多门科目)subject科目(具体的学科)asummercourse
12.custom,habit
custom传统风俗习俗也可指生活习惯后接todohabit生活习惯习惯成自然后接ofdoing.Ivegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.
13.cause,reason
cause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因后接ofsth./doingsthreason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate
14.e_ercise,e_ercises,practice
e_ercise运动锻炼(不可数)e_ercises练习(可数)practice(反复做的)练习
Practicemakesperfect.
15.class,lesson
作课解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson.指班级或全体学生用class.lesson6;class5
16.speech,talk,lecture
speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说talk日常生活中的一般的谈话讲话lecture学术性的演讲讲课aseries2oflectureon
17.officer,official
officer部队的军官official政府官员anarmyofficer
18.work,job
二者均指工作。work不可数job可数agoodjob
19.couple,pair
couple主要指人或动物pair多指由两部分组成的东西apairoftrousers
20.country,nation,state,land
country侧重指版图疆域nation指人民国民民族state侧重指政府政体land国土国家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.
21.cook,cooker
cook厨师cooker厨具Heisagoodcook.
22.damage,damages
damage不可数名词,损害损失;damages复数形式,赔偿金$900damages
23.police,policeman
police警察的总称后接复数谓语动词policeman指某个具体的警察Thepolicearequestioningeveryoneinthehouse.
24.problem,question
problem常和困难连系前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raisequestion常和疑问连系多和ask,answer连用
25.man,aman
man人类aman一个男人Manwillconquer3nature.
26.chick,ch