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MarkTwain作者、写作风格及代表作简介

第一篇：MarkTwain作者、写作风格及代表作简介MarkTwain's(1835-1910)realnamewasSamuelClemens.“MarkTwain”,whichmeans“watermarktwo”,wasacallusedbysailorsontheMississippitowarnshipmatesthattheywerecomingintoshallowwater.MarkTwainwasagreatAmericanwriter,andhewasalsoafamousspeaker.TwainwasborninFloridaandhewasnotahealthybaby.Infact,hewasnotexpectedtolivethroughthefirstwinter.Butwithhismother'stendercare,hemanagedtosurvive.Asaboy,hedidn'tliketogotoschool,andheconstantlyranawayfromhome.Heusedtobeajourneymanprinterattheageof18andapilotintheMississippiRiver.Hisfirstnovel,TheGildedAge,writtenincollaborationwithCharlesDudleyWarner,wasanartisticfailure.In1867,TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty(1867),acollectionofshortstories,makesMarkTwain'snationalreputationnowwellestablishedas“thewildhumoristofthePacificslope”.Twain'shumourarealwayshoax,puns,talltales,straight-facedexaggeration,anti-climaxandtricksoftravestyandinvective.TheAdventuresofTomSawyerwasanimmediatesuccessas“aboy'sbook”whenitwaspublished;itssequel,TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnwhichTwainwrotesomeyearslater,becamehismasterwork,theonebookfromwhich,asErnestHemingwaynoted,“allmodernAmericanliteraturecomes.”TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnwaswrittenwiththeideaoflostboyhood.Twainusedthefirstpersonnarration.ItisMarkTwain’sgreatestachievement.Itpresentstheworld’sviewofAmericaandhasaprofoundimpactonthedevelopmentofAmericanwriting.Twain'sinfluencesonAmericanwritersofthe20thcenturywashispresentationofnativeAmericanmaterial,hisartofthevernacularidiom,hisdeparturefromthetraditionofthe19thcenturygentility,andhissenseofalienation.ThisnovelshowsTwain'ssatireonsouthernculturebeforetheCivilWar,around1850,whentheMississippiValleywasstillbeingsettled.Twaincondemnedracialdiscrimination.Italsoshowshissatireonthepoorwhites,theirludicrousidea—theywerewhiteandtheywerebetterthanblackslaves,andthathissatireonthegenteelupper-classsoutherners—averyaristocraticlifeandbeingviolentacceptingtheirviolenceasright.Thenovelusesvernacularlanguag