地道英语搭配——名师版.docx

地道英语搭配——名师版

第一篇：地道英语搭配——名师版地道英语搭配——名师版Collocationisthewaywordscombinetoproducenatural-soundingspeechandwriting.Natural.（地道搭配方显语言精髓。）Forexample,InChinese,wesay…wehavethewords贫穷。贫and穷,theyaresynonyms同义词,theymeanthesame,okay,butwesay贫农insteadof穷农.wesay穷人insteadof贫人.Soalthough贫and穷aresynonyms,theycollocatedifferently.So贫and农arecollocates搭配词，穷and人arecollocates.Thesearecollocations.Languagesdifferinthewaywordscollocate.（汉语说话也讲究搭配。搭配不当，就会闹出“穷农”和“贫人”的笑话。）AlsoinChinese,大and小cancollocatewith风and雨.wesay大风大雨，小风小雨,小风吹来,小风小雨.WemightmakeourselvesunderstoodifwesaytoanEnglishspeakerbigwind,bigrain,smallwind,smallrain.Wecanmakeourselvesunderstood,butitdoesnotsoundnaturalEnglish.It’sChineseEnglish.（机械地把汉语的习惯搭配，翻译成对应的英文，如此翻译会被讥笑为“中式英语”。）AgoodEnglishlearner’sdictionaryusuallylistssomeofthecommoncollocatesoftheheadwords.Butthecollocationalinformationprovidedinordinarydictionariesissometimesnotverysufficient.（目前大多数英语学习者手边的字典都不能充分地列举丰富的英语搭配用法。）Forexample,inChinesewesay浓汤、汤浓，对不对？wealsosay茶，这个茶很浓，浓茶。Andwesay喝汤，喝茶.Sometimeswealsosay吃茶;insomedialects,wesay吃茶.MaybeinGuangdong,吃早茶.That’sanothermatter.Butusuallywesay喝汤、喝茶。WhataboutEnglish？Canwesay…What..er..Whatis浓inEnglish?Doyouknow?Therearemorethanoneword.（汉语里有“浓汤”、“浓茶”，但是汉译英时，这个“浓”字对应的却不是一个英文单词。）ActuallytheChinesewords浓茶，浓汤thesetwo浓arenotthesame.Although…Although…we…Ifwedonotpayattention,wemightthinktheyarethesame.Butifwewanttofindtheantonymswewillknowthesetwo浓aredifferent.Theopp-..Theoppositeof浓汤is稀汤.Theoppositeof浓茶isnot稀茶.It’s淡茶，清茶.Soweknow浓therearetwo...theword浓inChinesehastwomeanings.SoinEnglishtheymakeadifferencebetweenthesetwowords.（虽然“浓汤”和“浓茶”所用的都是同一个“浓”字，但是“浓汤”的反义词是“稀汤”，而“浓茶”的反义词是“淡茶”。由此可见，同一个“浓”字具有两个不同的含义。翻译成英文的时候，“浓”也应该对应为两个不同的单词。）ButhowdoweknowwhatEnglishwordscollocatewith茶and汤？Teaandsoup.Wecanconsultthecollocationdictionariesandseewhatittellsus.Thisiswhatittellsusinthecollocationdictionary,theOxfordCollocationDictionary.（为大家推荐一本专门侧重英语搭配的字典，即“OxfordCollocationsDictionaryforStudentsofEnglish”《牛津英语学生搭配词典》，目前这个字典在卓越网有售http:///detail/p