文言文翻译技巧精编.docx

文言文翻译技巧

第一篇：文言文翻译技巧文言文翻译技巧WritingsinclassicalChinesetranslationskills文言文句子翻译，是学习文言文的主要训练方法之一。它可以让学生在翻译文言文句子中积累文言词语、感受古代汉语习惯，更重要的是准确理解原作内容。根据实践经验积累，我认为翻译文言文有以下技巧。WritingsinclassicalChinesesentencetranslation,isinlearningclassicalChineseisoneofthemaintrainingmethod.ItcanletthestudentinthetranslationofclassicalChinesesentencesinaccumulationofclassicalChinesewords,feelingsofancientChinesehabits,moreimportantistheaccurateunderstandingoftheoriginalcontent.Accordingtothepracticalexperience,IthinkthetranslationofclassicalChinesehasthefollowingskills.一、录One,book“录”，就是把文言文句子中不必翻译的词抄录下来。文言文中不必翻译的词大体分两类：一类是特殊名词，如：人名、地名、官名、年号、日期等；一类是与现代汉语意思相同不必翻译的词，如：山、石、高、远等。例句①：“元丰中，庆州界生子方虫，方为秋田之害。”（《梦溪笔谈》）句中“元丰”是年号，“庆州”是地名，“子方虫”是害虫名，“秋田”与现代语意思相同，均不必翻译，抄录即可。“Book”,isthewritingsinclassicalChinesesentenceswithouttranslationwordstranscribed.WritingsinclassicalChinesedonothavetotranslatewordscanbegenerallypidedintotwocategories:onecategoryisspecialnouns,suchas:name,placename,title,year,date;oneisthesamemeaningandmodernChinesedon'tneedtotranslatewords,suchas:Hill,stone,high,faraway.Example1:“Yuanfeng,Gyeongjuworldsonpartybug,fortheAkitaside.”(“dreamstreamessays”)inthesentenceis“Yuanfeng”year“,Gyeongju”isaplace,“sonofsideworm”isapest,“Akita”andmodernlanguagessharethesamemeaning,donotneedtotranslate,reproduces.二、释Two,release“释”，就是把需要翻译的词加以解释。这些词大致分两类：一类是与现代汉语意思相同但要翻译的古代汉语词，这一类词很多可以用“单音节变双音节”的方法解释；另一类是古今异义的词。例句②：“今子欺之，是教子欺也。”（《曾子杀彘》）句中“欺”与现代汉语意思相同，但要翻译为“欺骗”；“今、是”属古今异义的词，要翻译为“现在、这”。要做到这一点，一方面要借助工具书和文中注释；另一方面得根据自己积累的古代汉语词汇进行解释。“Release”,istheneedtotranslatethewordtoexplain.Thesewordscanroughlybepidedintotwocategories:onecategoryisassociatedwiththesamemeaningbuttomodernChinesetranslationoftheancientChinesewords,thisclassofwordsmanycanuse“singlesyllablechangingdoublesyllables”methodsofinterpretation;anotherkindisdifferentmeaningsinancientandmoderntimes.Example:“thischildofofbully,bullyisalwaystoo.”(“son”hadkilledswine)sentence“bully”andmodernChineseareidenticalinmeaning,buttotranslateas“cheating”;“thisis