美国医保改革.docx

美国医保改革

第一篇：美国医保改革美国总统奥巴马23日在白宫签署了耗资高达9380亿美金的医疗保险改革法案，将为此前无医保的约3200万美国人提供医疗保障，可谓1960年代以来美国国内政策的最大转变。下面我们一起来了解一下与医疗保险相关的词汇。healthcarereform医疗保险改革healthinsurance医疗保险healthcoverage医保覆盖面premium保费deductible自付扣除金uninsured没有医疗保险的人under-insured医保不足的人indemnityplan/fee-for-service定额理赔制度（美国最初实行的医疗制度）managedcare管理式医疗government-fundedplans由政府支持的医保项目Employer-ProvidedInsurance由雇主为雇员提供的保险fomulary（保险）处方药物表Medicare医疗保险制（针对65岁以上老人的老年医保）Medicaid医疗援助制（以穷人和伤残者为对象的医疗补助制度）Medigap差额医疗保险（填补联邦医疗保险之不足）pre-existingconditions（投保前已存在的疾病）comprehensivecoverage全险hospital-surgicalcoverage住院及手术费补偿catastrophiccoverage/majormedicalinsurance重大疾病险specifieddiseasepolicies定向疾病险long-termpolicies长期护理险，如用于养老院的开支policy医保保单coinsurance分担保险（指的是投保人对于超过自付额以上那部分医疗费要分担一定金额或比例的费用，通常为20%）copayment分担金额（即投保人为每次就诊支付少量费用，虽然通常不超过10美元，但主要还是为了防止投保人滥用医疗资源）capitation保险公司每年赔付投保人的总额上限out-of-pocketmaximum投保人每年自付额的上限HealthCareReformAfterdecadesoffailedattemptsbyastringofDemocraticpresidentsandayearofbitterpartisancombat,PresidentObamasignedlegislationonMarch23,2010,tooverhaulthenation'shealthcaresystemandguaranteeaccesstomedicalinsurancefortensofmillionsofAmericans.Itwasthelargestsinglelegislativeachievementofhisfirsttwoyearsinoffice,andthemostcontroversial.NotasingleRepublicanvotedforthefinalversion,andRepublicansacrossthecountrycampaignedonapromisetorepealthebill.AftertheytookcontroloftheHouseandexpandedtheirranksintheSenateintheNovemberelections,actiononhealthcarewasatthetopoftheiragenda.Bothsidesagreethatundoingthebillcompletelywouldbenexttoimpossible,giventheDemocrats'veto-proofholdontheSenate,andthatsomepartsofitarelikelytoprovequitepopular.ButtherewasalsoarecognitionthatRepublicansintheCapitol--andperhapsmoreimportantly,ingovernor'sofficearoundthenation--couldseriouslyundermine,sloworwhittleawayatthebill.AnumberoflawsuitsarealsoworkingtheirwaythroughthefederalcourtsystemandarelikelytoendupbeforetheSupremeCourt.AndinSeptember,anumberofimportantprovisionstookeffect--justintimeforthemidtermelections.Insurersarenowbannedfromdrop