托福写作审题结构和提纲(课堂PPT).ppt

审题，结构和提纲一、价值判断类型（should,important,necessary,prefer,better）结构回答why？Peopleshouldinsistonachallengingplanratherthanapracticalplan.1.challengingplans2.propelsocietytomoveforward(theinventionofplanes,computers,internet)3.forsterthevalueofperseverance(Edison,Nobel)4.bringhappyaccidents(thecreationofgunpowder)5.Admittedly,practicalplansarelikelytosucceed,butareseldommotivating.However,challeningplanscanmotivatepeople,arouseenthusiamandpromotecreativity.6.summaryPeopleshouldinsistonachallengingplanratherthanapracticalplan.1.practicalplans2.accomplishtheplanwithhighqualityontime(homework)3.buildupconfidencetoundertaketasks(marathon)4.ensurethesteadyprogressofabusiness,anorganizationorevenasociety(achainstoreexpandstooquicklytogobankrupt;greatleapofeconomy)5.Admittedly,challengingplansaremoreexciting.However,challeningplanscanmakepeoplestressed,anxiousandlikelytomakemistakes.6.summaryUniversitiesstudentsshouldberequiredtotakehistorycoursesnomatterwhatfieldtheystudy.1.shouldnot2.causemoreacademicpressure(amedicalstudent)3.unnecessarycostforstudents(hiremorehistoryteachers;theincreasedcostwillbereflectedinthetuitionfee)4.Admittedly,takinghistorycoursecanemulatesuccefulmodels,cultivatepatriotismandasenseofreponsibilityforthesociety.However,thisknowledgecanbeacquiredthroughmanyothermeanssuchasbooks,magazines,TVdocumentaries,theInternet,etc.5.summaryUniversitiesstudentsshouldberequiredtotakehistorycoursesnomatterwhatfieldtheystudy.1.should2.studyhistorysystematically(teacher,referenceswhicharereliable,butinfofromothermeanssuchastheInternetisnotcredible)3.getinspiredbyelitesinhistory(A.Lincoln,Franklin)4.cultivateapatriotismandasenseofresponsibiltyforsociety(war,theprogressofasociety,theestablishmentofacountry)5.Admittedly,takinghistorycoursetakestimeandenergy.However,comparedtothebenefits,theeffortsandcostsareworthwhile.6.summaryAlow-paidbutsecurejobisbetterthanajobwithahighsalarybuteasytolose.1.ajobwithahighsalary2.guaranteesbettermateriallife(food,medicine,health;spiritualenjoym