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Changetechnologyandtheimplementation
ofautomationinmentalhealthcaresettings

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日期：2014.10.20
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BehaviorResearchMethods&Instrumentation1981,Vol.13(4),573-580

Changetechnologyandtheimplementationofautomationinmentalhealthcaresettings

ELIZABETHBYRNESandJAMESH.JOHNSON
IllinoisInstituteofTechnology,Chicago,Illinois60616

Theproblemofclinicianresistancetoautomatedsystemsinmentalhealth饵”deliverysettingsisdiscussed.Itisarguedthatthisresistanceisanaturalpartofthechangepr侃ess.anindicatorofaninadequatechangestrategy.Thetheoryofchangeisbrieflyreviewed.Previouseffortstoinstallautomatedsystemsinmentalhealthcaredeliverysettingsarediscussedintermsofchangetheory.Suggestionsforincorporatingthetechnologyofchangeintotheimplementationprocess町eproposed.

Technologicalchangeinmentalhealthcaredeliveryhasbeenstimulatedbytwogoals:improvingpatientcareandreducingcosts.Researchreportsattestthatautomatedsystemsarecosteffective(Klingler,Johnson,
&Williams,1976;Klingler,Miller,Johnson,&Williams,
1977)andareacceptedfavorablybypatients(Grossman,Barnett,McGuire,&Swedlow,1971;Klingleretal.,1976).However,despitepositiveevaluationstudiesandstrongrationalarguments,computersstillhavefailedtogainwideclinicalacceptanceandsupport.
Experiencewithclinicalapplicationsofcomputertechnologyhasresultedinnumerousresearchreports
naming“clinicianacceptance”asacriticalfactorunder­
lyingsuccessfulimplementation(Brewer,Ameiss,Thompson,&Wood,1972;Dow,1975;Graetz,1966;Grossmanetal.,1971;Hedlund,1974;Johnson,
Williams,Giannetti,Klingler,&Nakashima、1978;
Leader&Klein,1977;Hedlund,Note1).Becauseclinicalstaffmembershavedifficultyacceptingthesenewapproachestopatientcare,theeffectivenessofnew
computerapplicationshasbeenlimited.
Thebasiccontentionsetforthinthispaperisthatthesuccessfulimplementationofcomputersinmentalhealthrequiresafundamentalunderstandingofthefactorsprecedingandsurroundingchange.Inthepast‘psychologistshaveconcentratedtooheavilyonusingcomputerscienceinmentalhea