托福综合写作词语表达及黄金句型.doc

模板结构：
Thelecturecompletelycontradictsthepointsillustratedinthepassageandconsidersthat…
Thefirstpointinthelisteningisthat…Accordingtothelecture,…However,itdiffersfromthereadingthat…
Additionally,thelecturemakesthepointthat…Itclaimsthat…Nevertheless,thereadingillustratesthat…
Furthermore,thelecturersupportsthat…Intermsoftheprofessor,…Onthecontrarythereadingcontendsanoppositestandthat…

综合写作常用词汇：1、对材料的指称：
①听力：②阅读：
thespeakerthewriter
thelecturertheauthor
theprofessorthereadingmaterial
thelisteningmaterialthewriting
thelecturethepassage
thetalk

2、表示要点间的关系的词和短语：
质疑、驳斥关系的词或短语：
refute=rebut+n 驳倒,反驳
disprove+n
deny+n或+that

challengesth/challengesbonsth置疑(…的正确性)
question+n
castdoubton/raisedoubtover+n
doubt+n或+that
oppose+n
objectto=disagreewith+n
beopposingto/sbbeopposedto反对

beagainstto与…相反
becontraryto
beoppositeto

contradict+n 同...矛盾/抵触
becontradictoryto
conflictvi
AandBconflict或者AconflictwithB
beconflictingto
differfrom+n

3、陈述材料内容的词和短语：
Accordingtothelecture(readingpassage)adv.
say谈起，说
talkabout+n
discuss+n
state+that
remark+that

believe+that主张，认为
makethepointthat+从句
takethepositionthat+从句
propose+todo/+that
maintain+that
argue+that

indicate+that 表明，指出
suggest+that
mention+n
note+n或+that

claim+that 声称，断言（formal）
assert+that
affirm+that
contend+that
allege+that

putforward+n 提出
pointout+that
conclude+that

4、表示转折关系的词和短语：
①adv.incontrast/onthecontrary/ontheotherhand
②conj.while/whereas/although

5、表示转承的词和短语：
①first,firstofall,thefirstreason/point
②second,furthermore,moreover,besides,whatismore,inaddition,anotherreason/point
③third,finally,intheend

6、学术词汇：
原因/背景：reason,cause,basis,ground,motive,motivation
举例：example,instance
证据/事实：evidence,data,fact,proof
解释：explanation,account
定义/说明：definition,description,clarification,assumption,premise
观点/结论:conclusion,belief,idea,opinion,judgment,view,argument,theory
主题：issue,matter,topic,problem,subject
观察/预言：acknowledgement,observation,prediction
声明：statement,point
建议：advice,proposal,plan,